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HIBRARY OF CONGRESS.? 

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^ UNITED -STATES OF AMERICA. J 



MANUAL 



OF THE 



Board of Education 



OF THE 



CITY OF PATERSON, 



NEW JERSEY. 




PATERSON, N. J. ! 

PRINTED BY CHISWELL & WURTS, "PRESs" OFFICE, 

SODTHWBST CORNEB OF BROADWAY AND MAIN STREET. 
1868. 






CONTENTS: 



PAOE. 



1. Officers and Members of the Board of Education, ♦ 3. 

2. Standing Committees, .... 4, 

3. By-Laws of the Board, • • • » 5. 

4. School Regulations, . . • • 15. 

5. Provisions of the City Charter relative to the powers 

and duties of the Board of Education, • 85. 

6. The State School Law, .... 47. 

7. Appendix : 

Schools and Teachers, • » • • 72. 

Statistics, .*.... 74. 

8. Index. ...... 75. 



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55 North Main St. 
90 Water St. 
Totowa Avenue. 
Press Office. 
30 Market St. 
New York City. 

124 Main St, 
Danforth L. & M. Works 
Cor. Main and Ward Sts. 
Rogers L. & M, Works. 


245 Mill St. 

Rogers L. & M. Works. 

92 Mill St. 


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37 Arch St. 

89 North Main St. 

Totowa Avenue. 

Hamburg Avenue. 

Broadway Hill. 

9T Fair St. 

18 Church St. 

136 East Van Houten St. 

SS Ward St. 

< or. Main and Ward Sts. 

52 Prospect St. 

11 Mill St. 


180 Marshall St. 
16 Elm St. 
46 Slater St. 
92 Mill St. 


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ALFRED DILLISTIN, 
HEBER WELLS. 
RICHARD VAN HOUTEN. 
WILLIAM NELSON. 
JOHN C. PAULISON, 
HENRY L. BUTLER. 
JAMES M. BALDWIN, 
CHARLES KEELER. 
WILLIAM COLE, 
CHARLES INGLIS. 
HENRY SHERMAN, 
ALEXANDER RAE. 
JACOB QUACKENBUSH, 
ELIAS A. VREELAND. 
GEORGE H. GLASS, 
MICHAEL CONNELL. 




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STANDING COMMITTEES FOR 1868-9. 



Teachers. — -Inglis, Baldwin, Butler, Nelson, Glass. 

Visitation. — Rae, Paulison, Wells, Butler, Connell. 

Books and Stationery. — Butler, Van Houten, Quaeken- 
bush. 

Finance and Auditing. — Wells, Inglis, Keeler. 

Fuel and Janitors.^ — Dillistin, Cole, Vreeland. 

Erection, Repairs and Furniture. — Cole, Keeler, Vree- 
land, Sherman, Dillistin. 

Evening Schools. — Paulison, Quackenbush, Rae. 
. Normal School.— Nelson, Baldwin, Glass. 



Conference Committee of the Mayor and Aldermen. 
Aldermen Murray, McKiernan, McNiel, Osborn and Gurnee. 



:b "y - !_. ..^ -w s 



BOARD OF EDUCATION 



ARTICLE I.— MEETINGS. 



1. Annual Meetcng. — The annual meeting of the Board 
of Education shall be held at 9 o'clock, A. M., on the third 
Monday in April in each year. 

2. Organization. — At the appointed hour, the Secretary 
of the Board shall call the roll of members and members- 
elect, and those not already qualified shall then take the obli- 
gation required of them. The Board shall then elect one of 

their number to be President, and shall also elect a Secretary, >^u>' ^^\^_ 
who shall also be Superintendent of Public Schools. The 
Secretary already in office shall preside until the President is 
elected. The election of officers shall be by ballot, unless 
otherwise agreed to by unanimous consent. 

3. Regular Meetings. — The regular meetings of the Board 
shall be held on the last Thursday of each month. 

4. Special Meetings. — Special meetings shall be held by 
adjournment, on the call of the President, or on the written 
requisition of three members, left with the Secretary, but 
calls for special meetings shall state as near as may be the 
objects for which they have been summoned. 

5. Hour and Place of Meeting. — The meetings of the 
Board shall be held in the Sixth Ward school building, and 
at 8 o'clock, P. M., unless otherwise ordered. 

6. Quorum. — A majority of all the members shall be 
required to constitute a quorum ; and when a majority is not 



6 BY-LAWS OF THE 



present within five minutes after the time appointed for a 
meeting, those present may, after the roll is called and absent- 
ees noted, declare the meeting adjourned. 

AKTICLE II.— OFFICERS. 

7. President. — The President shall perform the duties 
usually pertaining to his office. He shall be authorized to 
call special meetings of the Board ; and it shall be his duty 
to bring before the Board, from time to time, whatever bus- 
iness may require attention. 

8. Secretary and Superintendent. — I. The Secretary' 
shall have the custody of all Books, Records and Papers of 

/'^ the Board ; shall keep the same in the office of the Board, 
and open to inspection at all suitable times. 

II. He shall also have charge of the school property 
in the depository of the Board, such as school-books, maps, 
globes, stationery, &c. ; which shall only be taken therefrom 
under clearly defined regulations, that may be established 
from time to time. 

III. He shall notify each member of the Board of any 
special or adjourned meeting, at least twenty-four hours pre- 

, vious to the time appointed for the same, if practicable, by 
/ delivering to him or leaving at his residence or place of bus- 
/ iness, a written or printed notice thereof. 

IV. He shall attend all meetings of the Board, keep 
accurate minutes of the proceedings and have them published 
in two daily newspapers of this city, and notify the Chairman 
of each special Committee of his appointment, stating the du- 
ties assigned and the names of the members associated with 
him. 

V. He shall keep a full and accurate account of all the 
financial operations ef the Board ; shall deliver all drafts 
drawn by the Board to the persons entitled thereto, take 
receipts therefor, keep a correct account of said drafts, stat- 
ing in whose favor they were drawn and for what purpose, 
and render to the Board, annually, a report of the same in 
proper form for transmission to the Mayor and Aldermen, 



BOARD OF EDUCATION. 



VI. He shall keep a constant supervision over the Public 
Schools, and present to the Board at the regular meeting in 
March, a detailed exhibit of their condition, their number, 
grades, the number and names of teachers employed in each 
school, their salaries, the average attendance of scholars, and 
such other information as may be practicable, or required of 
him, together ■with whatever suggestions may seem to him 
important. 

- VII. On or before the Friday previous to the third Monday 
in April, he shall procure from the City Clerk a certified 
statement of the persons chosen as School Commissioners, 
and notify the same of their election and the time and place 
of the annual meeting of the new Board. 

VIII. He shall be the Secretary of all standing Commit- 
tees, and perform such other duties as are required by law or 
by the Board of Education, 

jX. He shall hold his oiFice until bis successor has been 
appointed, to whom he shall transfer the school property in 
his custody, 

9. Temporary Officers. — -In the absence of the President, 
at the time appointed for a meeting, the Secretary shall call 
the Board to order, when a President ^ro tern, shall be ap- 
pointed for the session or until the arrival of the President. 
In like manner, when the Secretary is absent, a Secretary ^ro 
tern, shall be appointed. 

ARTICLE III.— COMMITTEES. 

10. At the annual meeting of the Board, unless otherwise 
ordered, the President shall appoint the following Committees, 
subject to the approval of the Board, viz : 

1. On Teachers. '"^ 



2. 


" Visitation. 


3. 


" Books and Stationery. ^ 


4. 


" Finance and Auditing. ' ^ 
" Fuel and Janitors. 


5. 


6. 


" Erection, Repairs and Furniture. "L 


7. 


" Evening Schools, <-■ 


8. 


" Normal School, C 




3 



BY-LAWS OF THE 



Each of these Committees shall consist of three members, 
except the Committees on Teachers, Visitation, Erection, Re- 
pairs and Furniture, which shall consist of five members ; 
and of the three first-named, the President shall be a mem- 
ber ex-officio. 

11. The Committee on Teachers shall attend the exam- 
ination of teachers (by the Bo^rd of Examiners,) and report 
in writing at the first meeting of the Board of Education 
thereafter, the result of such examination and their opinion 
in regard to the fitness and qualifications of the candidates ; 
ascertain and report the number of teachers required in each 
school ; investigate all complaints against, and advise with 
teachers ; dismiss any teacher for a flagrant violation of any 
rule, and, with the advice of the Superintendent, fill tempo- 
rarily any vacancy that may occur, and report their action to 
the Board at the next meeting. 

12. The Committee on Visitation, with the Superintend- 
ent, shall visit the schools during the first month in each term, 
and at such other times as the Superintendent may request ; 
ascertain whether the regulations adopted for the government 
of the schools are complied with ; report all violations of 
rules, and reprove pupils when necessary ; and suggest to the 
Board such alterations in the mode of government as they 
may deem advisable. 

13. The Committee on Books and Stationery, with the 
assistance and advice of the Superintendent, shall examine, 
from time to time, into the condition of the books in each 
school, and recommend such school books, maps, globes, and 
other apparatus, as they may deem best adapted to the wants 
of the schools. Under the direction of the Board, they shall 
contract for such supplies of books, maps, stationery, globes, 
and other apparatus, and provide for their delivery by the 
contractors to the Secretary of the Board. They shall have 
charge of the printing of all reports, documents, blanks, &c., 
that may be ordered by the Board, or may be required in 
conducting the schools. 



BOARD OF EDUCATION. 9 

14. The Committee on Finance shall examine and audit 
all accounts and report thereon to the Board at each meeting ; 
they shall examine the Financial Books of the Secretary, and 
report at the close of each quarter, the amount of moneys ex- 
pended, the amount of indebtedness, and the amount standing 
to the credit of the Board in the hands of the City Treasurer. 
They shall keep a book showing the date, nature and amount 
of all bills passed by the Board. 

15. The Committee on Fuel and Janitors shall superin- 
tend all arrangements for cleaning, heating and ventilating 
the several schools ; they shall guard against danger from 
fires, and attend to such other matters as properly pertain to 
their appointment, including the furnishing, under the sanc- 
tion of the Board, of the necessary fuel. They shall see that 
the duties of the different janitors are properly performed ; 
discharge a janitor for sufficient cause, fill the vacancy tempo- 
rarily, and report to the Board at the next ensuing meeting. 

16. The Committee on Erection, Eepairs and Furniture 
shall be charged with the duty of preparing and submitting 
to the Board all necessary pla^^^ and specifications for the 
erection and repairing of school Louses, and, under the direc- 
tion of the Board, shall cause contracts to be executed for the 
performance of the work. They shall visit and examine all 
the school houses before the regular meeting in July in each 
year, with a view to ascertaining and reporting to the Board 
the coadition and wants of each ; and shall also, whenever 
required through the Chairman, by the Superintendent, 
or by any Commissioner, promptly visit and examine the 
school or schools that may be designated, and report thereon 
to the Board. They shall also, under the direction of the 
Board, contract for supplies of tables, desks, and other neces- 
sary furniture. "''/ 

17. The Committees on Normal and Evening Schools 
shall be charged with the supervisien of the peculiar interests 
of such schools, and shall also carry out such directions re- 
specting them as they may receive from the Board. They shall 
from time to time recommend such regulations for their man- 



10 BY-LAWS OF THE 



agement as they may deem advisable ; by personal inspec- 
tion and examination acquaint themselves with their true 
condition, and report thereon to the Board. 

18. Powers of Committees — The duties of all Commit- 
tees shall be discharged without the special action of the 
Board, when the power is expressly given, but in all other 
cases, no action of any Committee shall be binding, until re- 
ported to and approved by the Board. 

19. QuoKUM OF Committees. — A majority of each Com- 
mittee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. 

20. Reports op Committees. — All reports of Committees 
shall be in writing, unless dispensed with by consent of the 
Board. 

21. Collection of Bills. — The Chairman of each Com 
mittee shall collect monthly all bills for debts contracted by 
said Committee, and a majority of the Committee shall certify 
that the bills are correct before presentation to the Board. 

ARTICLE IV.— MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. 

22. Order of Business. — The following shall be the order 
of business at each regular meeting of the Board, unless 
otherwise ordered by a two-third vote of the members present : 

1. Roll-call and absentees noted. 

2. Reading and approval of minutes. 

3. Unfinished business. 

4. Communications or reports from the Superintendent. 

5. Presentation of Claims. 

6. Reports of Standing Committees. 

7. Reports of Special Committees. 

8. Special Orders of the day. 

9. Motions and Resolutions. 
10. Miscellaneous Business. 

23. Payment of Rents and Salaries. — llht regis of school 
houses, and the salaries of Teachers and tne'Superintendent, 
shall be paid quarterly, at the last of July, October, January 
and April ; and the salaries of janitors at the last of each 



BOARD OF EDUCATION. 11 

month, all, without the special order of the Board, the same 
having been approved by the proper Committees and audited 
by the Committee on Finance, i 

24. Contraction of Unauthorized Debts. — No debt con- 
tracted, either by an individual or a Committee, unauthorized 
by the Board, shall be assumed by the Board, unles* by a 
two-third vote ; provided, that in cases of absolute necessity, 
any standing Committee may contract a debt not to exceed 
the sum of twenty -five dollars. 

25. Filling Vacancies. — Nominations to fill vacancies in 
the Board shall be made in writing, and shall lie over until 
the next regular meeting before action shall be had thereon. 

26. Alterations of By-Laws or Regulations. — Any and 
all resolutions proposing an alteration in the by-laws and 
rules of order of the Board, or in the school regulations, shall 
lie over from the meeting at which they were ofi"ered until 
the next regular meeting, unless otherwise ordered by a three- 
fourth vote of the members present. 

ARTICLE v.— RULES OF ORDER. 

27. Every member, previous to speaking, shall rise and 
address the President. 

28. When two or more members claim the floor at the same 
time, the President shall decide who is entitled to the same. 

29. Any appeal from a ruling of the President, shall be 
decided without debate. 

30. No member shall speak longer than ten minutes, nor 
more than twice on the same question without leave of the 
Board, nor more than once till every member desiring to speak 
shall have been heard, 

31. Every member present when a question is put, shall 
vote for or against the same, unless excused by the Board. 

32. No member shall withdraw from a meeting of the Board 
without permission of the President or of the Board. 

33. Motions to adjourn, to refer, to lay on the table, for 
the previous question, to postpone, and to amend, are always 



12 BY-LAWS OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 

in order, having precedence in the order named, and shall be 
put without debate. A vot3 of the Board ordering the pre- 
vious question, shall preclude further debate, but shall not 
cut off pending amendments. 

34. The previous question shall only be ordered, when 
demanded by one-third of the members present. 

35. All resolutions shall be in writing, and signed by the 
mover. 

36. The yeas and nays shall be called on any resolution 
before the Board, at the request of any member, and shall 
be duly recorded in the minutes. 

37. No motion to reconsider a vote shall be in order after 
the next regular meeting subsequent to which the vote was 
taken. 

Adopted, May 8, 1868. 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS 



I 



SCHOOL REGULATMS. 



I. SCHOOLS AND DISTRICTS. 

I. THE VARIOUS SCHOOLS. 

1. The Public Schools of the City of Paterson shall consist 
of Primary, Grammar and High, a Colored School, a Normal 
School, and Evening Schools. 

n. SCHOOL DISTRICTS. 

2. The City shall be divided into school districts as follows : 
Primary and Grammar Districts. — No. 1. The Third 

and Fourth Wards, except those portions lying East of the 
Railroad ; also that portion of the Fifth Ward lying West of 
the Railroad, North of Ward Street, and East of Main. 

No. 2. The Sixth Ward. 

No. 3. The Seventh and Eighth Wards, together with all 
that portion of the Fifth Ward lying West of the Railroad, 
South of Ward Street and West of Main. 

No. 4. The First Ward, and all that portion of the Second 
Ward lying East of Hamburg Avenue and South of the new 
Oldham road, together with both sides of said Avenue South 
of that road. 

No. 5. All the rest of the Second Ward. 
No. 6. All that portion of the Third and Fourth Wards 
lying East of the Railroad. 

High School District. — The entire City. 
Normal School District. — The entire City. 
Colored School District. — The entire City. 
Evening School District. — The eatire City. 

3. Schools to be attended by Ptipils in the District. — The 
schools shall be open only for the admission of pupils resid- 
ingv. in the district in which they are located, and no pupil 



16 SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 

shall be admitted to any other school without a •written per- 
mit from the Superintendent or the Committee on Visitation. 

III. SCHOOL CALENDAR AND SESSIONS. 

4. School Year.— The school jear shall commence on the 
first day of September, and be divided into three terms, termi- 
nating respectively at the last of December, March and July. 

5. Regular Sessions and Holidays.— The. regular sessions 
of all the schools, except the Normal and Evening, shall be 
held on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday 
of each week, except the fourth day of July and the day fol- 
lowing when the former occurs on Thursday, the period from 
the last Friday in July to the second Monday in September, 
Thanksgiving Day and the day following, the period from the 
twenty-fifth day of December to the first of January inclu- 
sive, and the second day of January when that day falls on 
Friday. 

6. Hours of Sessio7is. — The morning session shall open at 
9 o'clock, and close at 12, M. From the first of April till the 
first of November, the afternoon session shall open at 2 
o'clock and close at 4; and for the remainder of the year it 
shall open at 1:30 and close at 3:30, 

7. The bells shall be rung at 15 and again at 5 minutes be- 
fore the commencement of each session. 

8. Recess. — The Schools shall have one recess daily, from 
10:30 to 10:50 o'clock, A. M. 

IV. NORMAL SCHOOL. 

9. Sessions of the School, how held. — The sessions of the 
Normal School shall be held weekly, except during the Sum- 
mer vacation, under the direction and supervision of the Com- 
mittee on Normal School, who shall prescribe a certain course 
of studies to be pursued therein. 

10. Teachers to Attend. — All teachers employed by the 
Board of Education, below Principals of Grammar Schools, 
shall be required to attend the sessions of the Normal School 
and take such part in its exercises as may be required by the 
Principal or the City Superintendent, until they have been 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 



17 



regularlj graduated therefrom ; 'provided, that teachers who 
have been five years in the Board's employ, or who can pass 
a satisfactory examination in the studies prescribed for gradu- 
ation, may be exempted from attendance by the Superinten- 
dent, with the concurrence of the Committees on Teachers 
and Normal School. 

11. Other Pupils. — A limited number of persons not teach- 
ing in the public schools, but who desire to qualify them- 
selves therefor, may be admitted to the Normal School on ap- 
plication to the Superintendent. 

\. COURSE OF STUDIES. 

12. The course of studies in the different Departments 
shall be as follows : 

PRIMARY DEPARTMENT. 

D. Class. — Letters, School Chart, Tables. 
C. Class. — Primer, 1st Reader, Tables, Writing, Letter.*; 
and Figures on Slates, Spelling. 

B. Class. — 1st and 2d Readers, Primary Arithmetic, Writ- 
ing as before, Spelling, Mental Arithmetic orally. 

A. Class. — 2d and 3d Readers, Primary Arithmetic, 1st 
Book Arithmetic to short division, Writing as before, Spelling, 
Mental Arithmetic orally. 

Object Lessons, Manners and Morals through the course. 

GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT. 

C. Class. — 3d Reader, 1st Book Arithmetic through U. S. 
Money, Penmanship, Geography No. 2, Spelling, Grammar 
orally. Drawing on i^lates. Mental Arithmetic. 

B. Class. — 3d Reader, History, 1st Book Arithmetic through 
Compound Na.'s, Geography No. 3, Penmanship, Drawing on 
Slates, Grammar orally. Spelling, Mental Arithmetic. 

A. Class. — 4th or 5th Readers, History, Grammar (with 
text-book), Geography No.'s 3 and 4, 1st and 2d Books 
Arithmetic, Penmanship, Spelling, Drawing Maps. 

HIGH SCHOOL. 

Spelling, Reading, History, Grammar, Penmanship, Book- 



18 SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 

keeping, Natural Philosophy, Physiology, Algebra, Geometry, 
Mechanics, Map and Mechanical Drawing. 

COLORED AND EVENING SCHOOLS. 

■ Such of the branches of the foregoing course as the wants 
of the pupils may demand. 

NORMAL SCHOOL. 

The studies of the High School, together with the philoso- 
phy of education, the theory of teaching and the study of 
systems and methods of instruction. 

VI. GENERAL MANAGEMENT. 

13. Male Principal in each School Building . — There shall 
be a male Principal in each school building, who shall have 
control of all the schools therein. Vice Principals may be 
appointed to have charge, under the Principal's supervision, 
of the several schools in such building. 

14. Opening Exercises. — The Principal of each school, at 
the opening of the morning session, shall read or cause to be 
read, a portion of the Holy Scriptures, without note or com- 
ment. Singing, and the recitation of the Lord's Prayer, may 
be allowed also. 

15. Closing School. — The Principals, at the appointed time 
for closing school, both morning and afternoon and for the 
recesses, shall have a bell rung, when all exercises in the 
different classes shall be immediately closed and the children 
promptly excused. 

16. Order in the Halls and Grounds. — The Principals 
shall detach from the different rooms a sufficient number of 
teachers, who shall be in the halls, passage-ways, and play- 
grounds while the pupils enter into and depart from school, 
and while in the play-grounds during recesses, and there pro- 
hibit every species of rude, immoral, and disorderly conduct. 
The direction of the Principals shall be rigidly followed by 
their assistants in matters relating to classification and 
discipline. 

17. Visiting Agents. — No agent or publisher, or other per- 
son interested in the sale of any school book, apparatus, or 



SCHOOL REGULATIOXS. 19 

furniture of any kind, shall occupy the time of the teachers 
or pupils, during school hours, without the consent of the 
Committee on Visitation. 

18. Reports of Principals. — Each Principal shall make a 
full report (in the forms prescribed) to the Superintendent at 
the close of each term, and an annual report at the close of 
each year; and no Principal shall be entitled to compensation 
in full for services, until these reports are deposited with the 
Superintendent. 

II. SUPERINTENDENT. 

19. The Educational Department of the Public Schools 
shall be under the direction and supervision of the Superin- 
tendent. It shall be his duty to cause the rules and regula- 
tions adopted by the Board of Education to be properly 
observed, especially those relating to teachers and pupils. 

20. He shall, from time to time, confer with the Committee 
on Teachers, report to them any violation of the regulations 
by the teachers ; report to them the number of teachers re- 
quired in each school, and with the consent and advice of 
said Committee, fill temporarily any vacancy that may occur, 
or make such changes in the position of teachers as the im- 
mediate wants of any school may require. 

21. He shall confer with the Committee on Books and Sta- 
tionery, and, in connection with them, examine into and 
ascertain the condition of the books and stationery in the 
several schools, at least once in each quarter ; and, from time 
to time, report to them the quantity required. 

22. He shall have regular ofiice hours, other than school 
hours, at the rooms of the Board of Education. He shall 
give vigilant attention to the organization, government and 
instruction of the schools, and in the use of all practicable 
means seek to promote their welfare and usefulness. 

28. He shall visit all the schools as often as practicable ; 
as often as once in each month carefully inspect each school 
and note the progress of the pupils in their studies, see that 
the school-houses, their appurtenances and grounds are kept 



'^6 SCHOOL REGTJLATIONS. 



in good order ; pay particular attention to the classification of 
the pupils, the character of the instruction given, and the 
modes of discipline adopted ; and as often as requisite, he 
shall report to the Board the condition and progress of the 
several schools. 

24. He shall call a meeting of the teachers during the first 
week of each term, and at other times if necessary, for the 
mutual interchange of views relative to the instruction and 
discipline of the schools. He shall furnish the teachers with 
blanks for all the reports required, and give such instruction 
in regard to the mode of keeping and preparing the same, as 
will secure uniformity. 

25. He shall render, at all times, such assistance to the 
several Committees as they may require. He shall see that 
the regulations in regard to temperature and ventilation are 
faithfully observed by the several teachers. 

26. He shall give prompt attention to every instance of the 
misconduct of a pupil duly reported to him by any Principal; 
and, if after consultation with the teacher and examination of 
the case, it shall appear that the pupil is unwilling to obey 
the regulations of the school, he may suspend him, and shall 
report such suspension to the Committee on Visitation, by 
whose advice the pupil may be expelled. 

27. He shall prepare and submit to the Board, at the close 
of each term, an abstract from the reports of the teachers ; 
at the close of each year he shall prepare and submit a simi- 
lar abstract for the year, and he shall prepare an annual 
report for publication. 

III. TEACHERS. 

J. QUALIFICATIONS, MODE OF SELECTION, ETC. 

28. Persons employed as teachers must be at least sixteen 
years of age, and are expected to possess energy and ability, 
and a willingness to use that energy and ability for the inter- 
est of the pupils under their charge ; in other words, they 
must be thoroughly and unreservedly teachers, and all per- 
sons reoeiving an appointment from the Boar-d as teachers, 



SCHOOIi REGULATIONS. 



21 



should understand distinctly that when they receive that ap- 
pointment, their time, their energy and their talent belong to 
the schools, and they will be expected to perform every duty 
devolving upon them as teachers, faithfully and honestly, and 
in no event will they be excused, except for some good cause 
shown. 

29. Examinations. — Candidates for positions as teachers 
shall be examined by the Board of Examiners ; the Commit- 
tee on Teachers may also subject them to a further examina- 
tion, at their discretion, before they are permitted to teach 
in any school, and the results of such examinations may be 
published at the discretion of that committee or of the Su- 
perintendent. 

30. Grades of Certificates. — There may be established 
three grades of certificates — First, Second and Third ; the 
Third shall be given to persons qualified to teach in the Pri- 
mary Schools, the Second to those qualified to teach in the 
Grammar Schools, and the First to those qualified to teach in 
any of the Public Schools of the city. In addition to the 
foregoing another may be granted to persoris selected prima- 
rily for their fitness, from mature age or L..;^'jrionce, for gov- 
erning, and such certificate shall be given to persons intel- 
lectually qualified for teaching in the Primary Department, 
and in the B and C classes in the Grammar Department of 
the Public Schools. 

31. Who shall be Preferred. — In the selection and promo- 
tion of teachers the preference shall always be given (other 
things being equal) to persons who have been educated in the 
schools of this Board and particularly to the graduates or at- 
tendants of the Normal School. 

32. Contracts, how Annulled. — The Board of Education 
reserve the right to dismiss any teacher in their employ after 
one month's notice, and in case of the flagrant violation of any 
of the rules governing teachers, without previous notice. 
Any teacher may withdraw from the service of the Board, 
after giving one month's notice of such intention 



22 SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 



II. REQUIREMENTS AT SCHOOL. 

33. Attention to Business. — The teachers shall devote 
themselves exclusively during school hours to the legitimate 
business of the school. 

34. Shall be Punctual. — They shall be in their respective 
school rooms at least ten minutes before the time for open- 
ing the school, both morning and afternoon. Those not pres- 
ent thus early shall mark themselves tardy. 

35. School Records. — The Principal and Assistants of each 
school shall keep such records as will show the attendance, 
scholarship, and deportment of the pupils, embracing the date 
of each admission and discharge ; the age, nativity and resi- 
dence of each pupil ; name of parent or guardian ; whole num- 
ber of different scholars enrolled, average number belonging, 
average daily attendance, and number of tardinesses. The 
teachers shall also preserve a permanent record of the tim e 
when they enter and leave school, and the amount of time lost 
during school hours. 

36. Record Books sent to the Office of Board — At the close 
of each July, all the class-books, general records, registers, 
and records of visitors, shall be sent by the Principals to the 
ofl5ce of the Board of Education for inspection ; and those 
which are needed again at the Schools shall be returned to 
the Principal at the opening of the fall term in September. 
All the class-books and other record books when filled up, are 
to be returned to the office of the Hoard of Education. 

37. Blanks for Schools. — All school registers, class-books, 
monthly reports of pupils, and blanks for monthly returns, 
shall be after uniform patterns, to be determined by the Su- 
perintendent of Public Schools, to whom all teachers shall 
apply whenever such books or forms are needed. 

38; Registers and Class- Books, how kept. — Teachers shall 
keep their registers and class-books neatly and accurately, 
and in accordance with the prescribed forms. All work upon 
class-books, except the making of the daily record, must be 
dope out of school hours. 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 23 



39. Examination of Class-Books . — The Principals of the 
Schools shall examine all the class-books of the other teach- 
ers as often as once a month, and give such directions and 
assistance as may be necessary to secure accuracy and 
uniformity. 

40. Absences to he Reported. — The records showing the 
time each teacher enters or leaves school, the time lost during 
school hours by absence, from sickness or other cause, and 
whether excused or not, shall be sent by the Principals the 
week before the last of each quarter, to the office of the Su- 
perintendent, that the proper deductions may be made from 
the salaries of the teachers, corresponding to the time lost, 
except when excused by the Committee on Teachers or the 
Superintendent. 

41. Substitutes. — Any teacher who may be detained from 
school by any unavoidable circumstance, shall immediately 
inform the Superintendent and, if possible, name a substi- 
tute, but no substitute shall be employed without the consent 
of the Superintendent or Committee on Teachers. 

III. CARE OF PUPILS. ■* 

42. Character of Discipline. — They sliali maintain good 
order and discipline, such as would be exercised by a kind 
and judicious parent, and shall avoid corporal punishment in 
all cases, except where good order can not be otherwise 
secured. 

43. Essentials to be tirged. — The teachers will carefully 
impress upon the pupils the importance of punctuality, regu- 
larity and cleanliness. No pupil shall be received into any 
class unless personally clean. The time occupied after the 
opening of the school by any pupil, for the purpose of clean- 
liness, shall be considered as tardiness. 

44. General Supervision. — They shall exercise a general 
supervision over the conduct of their pupils, not only while in 
school, but during their recesses, while in the play-grounds, 
and while coming to and going from school. They shall exert 
their influence to prevent all quarrelling and disagreement, 



24 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 



all rude and noisy behavior in the streets, all vulgar and 
profane language, all improper games, and all disrespect to 
citizens and strangers. 

45. Corporal Punishnie?it. — Corporal punishment may be 
inflicted for wilful neglect, persistent or glaring violation of 
the rules, or insubordination, but only by a Principal, who 
shall keep a record of and report the same to the Board at 
the close of each term. Corporal punishment shall be applied 
with a strap on the open hand. When any pupil persists in 
disobeying the rules of the school, the Principal shall report 
the case to the Superintendent and notify the parent or 
guardian. 

46. Pupils to be informed of the Regulations. — They shall 
read to their pupils, at least once in each term, so much of 
the regulations adopted by the Board as will give them a just 
understanding of the rules by which they are to be governed. 

47. Parents to he informed of Pupil's Abse7iceand Delin- 
quency. — When any pupil shall have been absent to the 
amount of two school days (including tardiness), within the 
period of three months, without an excuse from the parent or 
guardian, the teacher shall inform the parent or guardian of 
the same and of the character of section 61. The teachers 
in the Primary Schools, subject to the direction of the Super- 
intendent, shall have discretionary power in regard to the 
rules relating to absence and tardiness of pupils. 

48. In all instances where pupils are habitually delinquent, 
either in their lessons, deportment or attendance, the teachers 
shall notify the parents or guardians of the same. 

IV. OTHER DUTIES AND PRIVILEGES. 

49. Care of School P roperty . — They shall take daily care 
that the school houses, furniture and other property belonging 
to the school premises, together with the books, stationery 
and apparatus, furnished by the Board of Education, be not 
unnecessarily defaced or injured. 

50. Ventilatio7i, etc. — They shall give vigilant attention to 
the ventilation and temperature of their respective school- 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 25 



rooms, taking pains to secure such pontinued changes of air 
at recesses and at the close of the morning and afternoon ses- 
sions of school, as will prevent it from becoming impure, 
They shall so regulate the temperature of their rooms as to 
avoid extremes of heat and cold. Sixty-five degrees Fahren- 
heit shall be regarded as the standard for temperature. 

51. Order of Exercises. — They shall each keep, in some 
conspicuous place in their respective school-rooms, a card 
showing the order of exercises lor each day in the week. 

52. May visit other Schools. — They shall be allowed one 
day in each term to visit other schools of the same depart- 
ment, for the purpose of observing different modes of instruc- 
tion and discipline, but at no other time shall a teacher be 
absent during school hours, except in case of sickness 
or some pressing emergency. Teachers enjoying the privi- 
lege of visiting other schools shall make a written report, if 
required, to the Superintendent, naming the school or schools 
visited and giving the character of the exercises witnessed, 
with such additional suggestions as they may deem proper. 

53. Teachers' Meetings. — Once in each month, preferably 
on a Friday, the Principals may dismiss their schools for an 
afternoon, in order that a teachers' meeting may be held to 
discuss modes of government and instruction of pupils. A 
record of the attendance at such meetings shall be kept by 
the Superintendent, and all teachers not present shall be 
marked as if absent from their respective schools. 

IV. PUPILS. 

I. WHAT IS REQUIEED OF PUPILS. 

54. Regularity, Diligence, Propriety and Neatness. — 
Every pupil is expected to attend school punctually and reg- 
ularly ; to conform to the regulations of the school, and to 
obey promptly all the directions of the teacher ; to observe 
good order and propriety of deportment ; to be diligent in 
study, respectful to teachers, and kind and obliging to school- 
mates ; to refrain entirely from profane and vulgar language, 
and to be clean and neat in person and clothing. 



26 SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 



55. Fitnctuality. — Pupils are required to be in their res- 
pective seats at the time appointed for opening school; and 
in all cases of absence or tardiness, to bring on their return 
to school, a written excuse from their parents or guardians, 
assigning good and sufficient reasons for such absence or 
tardiness. 

56. Seats to he kept. neat. — Every pupil must keep in a neat 
and orderly condition the particular seat or desk assigned to 
him or her. 

57. Must give notice of leaving School. — Pupils wishing to 
leave school at any time must notify the Principal. Those 
who expect to be necessarily detained from school for a week 
or more, must notify the teacher of the contemplated absence. 

58. Learning Lessons out of School. — The pupils in the 
High and Grammar Schools shall not be required to learn 
more than two lessons each day out of school. The pupils in 
the Primary Schools shall not be required to learn any les- 
sons out of school. 

59. Preservation of Books. — The pupils shall keep care- 
fully and neatly in their seats or desks, or in other deposito- 
ries designated by their teachers, all the school books, ex- 
cept such as are necessary to learn the lessons at home alluded 
to in the next-preceding section. In no case shall the large 
geographies or the slates be taken from the school buildings 
by pupils. 

60. Vaccination. — Previous successful vaccination, or other 
protection against small-pox, may, at the discretion of the 
Superintendent, be made an essential condition of admis- 
sion to any of the Public Schools. 

II. IRREGULARITIES OF ATTENDANCE. 

61. Absences. — Any pupil who shall have been absent from 
school to the amount of three school days within the period of 
any one month, not certified to the teacher by the parent or 
guardian either in person or by note as necessary and una- 
voidable, shall be reported to the Superintendent and Com- 
mittee on Visitation, and unless excused by them, shall not 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 27 



be entitled to a seat in any of the public schools ; and three 
cases of tardiness shall be considered equivalent to one day's 
absence, and treated as such. Sickness of the pupil, absence 
from the city, severe indisposition in the family, or some 
pressing emergency, shall be considered as the only legiti- 
mate excuses for absence. 

• 62, Absence from Examinations — Any pupil who shall 
absent himself fio;n any regular examination of the school 
■which he attends, without permission of the Principal, shall 
be reported to the Superintendent and Committee on Visita- 
tion. 

63. Absetice from Recitations. — Absence from recitations 
shall be regarded as failures to recite, and be so recorded. 

64. Tardiness. — No pupil shall enter school later than fif- 
teen minutes after the hour of commencement, wirhout a 
written excuse from the parent or guardian, excepting pu- 
pils in the Evening Schools, who may be admitted until half 
an hour after. 

III. REAVARDS AND PUNISHMENTS. 

65. Certificates of Merit. — At the end of December and 
July, Certificates of Distinguished Merit may, at the discre- 
tion of the Committee on Teachers or the Superintendent, be 
awarded to those pupils who have not been voluntarily tardy, 
•nor absent more than six days for any cause during the pre- 
ceding half year, and that on account of personal sickness, or 
sickness or death in the family of which the pupil is a mem- 
ber, and whose record shall show an average of 95 per cent, 
for the same time. 

66. Distinguished and Meritorious Pupils. — At the close 
of each school term, the names of all pupils in the High 
and Grammar Schools whose average record in Attendance, 
Scholarship and Deportment shall be in each 95 per cent, and 
over, shall be published in two daily newspapers of this city 
as "Distinguished" pupils ; and those who shall have an av- 
erage between 90 and 95 per cent, shall be published in the 
same papers as "Meritorious" pupils. The names of pupils 



2,8 SCHOOL REGULAtlONS. 



in the Primary Schools who shall attain an average of 90 per 
cent, as above, shall be publicly announced before the school 
by the respective Commissioners or the teachers at the close 
of each terra. 

67. Excuseafor Absence or Tardiness. — In estimating at- 
tendance for the purposes named in the two next-preceding 
sections, no absence or tardiness will be excused for any 
cause, except sickness ; provided, hoivever, that in cases of 
very inclement weather, absences on that account may be ex- 
cused with the consent of the President of the Board and 
the Superintendent. 

68. Reports to Parents. — Reports of the scholarship, de- 
portment and attendance of the pupils may be prepared by 
the teachers and forwarded to the parents or guardians of the 
scholars, weekly, fortnightly or monthly, as the Comnaitteo on 
Teachers and the Superintendent may determine, such re- 
ports to be signed by the parent or guardian and returned to 
the teacher. 

69. Certificates of Graduation. — Any pupil who shall 
complete the course of study in the High School and pass a 
satisfactory examination, shall be awarded a certificate of 
graduation signed by the Principal of the school, the Presi- 
dent of the Board of Education, and the Superintendent. 

70. Promotio?is. — Pupils shall be promoted from grade to 
grade, and from a lower to a higher department, only after 
critical examinations by the Superintendent. For uniformi- 
ty's sake, promotions shall not be made oftener than once a 
month, and preferably only at the beginning of a term. 

71. Degrading of Piqnls. — Pupils who shall have fallen 
behind their classes by absence or irregular attendance, by 
indolence or inattention, may, at the discretion of the teacher 
and Superintendent, be placed in a class of lower grade. 

72. Defacement of School Property. — Any pupil who shall, 
anywhere on or around the school premises, use or write any 
profane or unchaste language, or shall draw any obscene pic- 
tures or representations, or cut, or mark, or otherwise inten- 



SCHOOL feEdftJiiATIONS. 29 



tionally deface any schooL furniture or buildings, inside or 
out, or any property belonging to the school premises, shall 
be punished in proportion to the extent and nature of the of- 
fence, and be held answerable to the civil law. 

73. Injury to or loss of School Property. — Pupils shall pay 
all wilful and needless damage done to books, slates, furni- 
ture, buildings, or fences ; and pay for and replace all books 
or stationery belonging to the Board of Education, that they 
may lose. 

74. Forfeiture of Seat. — Pupils absent from school more 
than a week, without notifying the teacher of their intention 
to return, shall lose all claim to their respective seats or 
desks. 

75. Detention after School. — Pupils may be detained after 
the close of the afternoon session not to exceed one hour, for 
failure in recitations. They may also be detained for twice 
the time lost by tardiness. When thus detained they shall 
be subject to the same regulations as in school hours. 

IV. GENERAL PROVISIONS. 

76. Goi7ig from one School to Another. — No pupil shall'* 
leave one school and enter another without the consent of 
the Superintendent and Committee on Visitation. 

77. Supplies for PwJ'^/5.— Each pupil shall be supplied 
with one slate and one copy of each text-book approved by 
the Board for the particular grade the pupil may be in ; two 
slate-pencils, a pen, and two copy-books in each term. 

78. Examinations. — The pupils shall be examined once 
in each term under the supervision of the Superintendent, 
the examinations to be conducted in writing as far as practi- 
cable. Examinations for the admission of pupils to the High 
School shall be held at the close of each term, and immedi- 
ately thereafter the results — showing the number of pupils 
from each Grammar School admitted and rejected and the 
o-eneral average of the candidates from each, together with 
the names of the pupils admitted, their ages and respective 
averages, and the averages of those rejected, shall be pub- 



80 SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 

lished, under the direction of the Superintendent, in two 
daily papers of this city. 

79. No Contributions to be Required. — No pupil shall be 
required or solicited to subscribe to any prize or gift to any 
person in any school. 

80. Presence about the School Premises. — The pupils shall 
be discouraged from coming to school too early, and shall be 
required to leave the school premises immediately after the 
close of the day's exercises, unless when detained for disci- 
pline. 

81. Unclean or Infected Pupils. — A pupil who is Bot per- 
sonally clean, or who comes from a family afflicted with any 
contagious disease, shall not be allowed to remain in the 
school rooms, 

V. JANITOKS. 

I. CARE OF SCHOOL PROPERTY. 

82. Responsible for Property in their Care. — The janitors 
shall have charge of the school buildings and property in and 
pertaining thereto, and shall be held responsible in damages, 
if any part thereof is destroyed or lost through their neglect. 

83. Prepare Schools for the Sessions. — They shall have 
the entire buildings swept and dusted daily, and oftener if 
necessary, warmed (when required) and opened for the recep- 
tion of pupils, fifteen minutes previous to the time for open- 
ing school. 

84. Monthly Cleanings. — They shall scrub and wash the 
floors, wood-work, &c., of the entire buildings as often as once 
a month and oftener if necessary. 

85. Whitewashing. — They shall whitewash and thoroughly 
purify the entire buildings, out-houses, areas, and fences, as 
often as once a year, and' oftener if necessary. 

86. Supplies and Help. — They shall furnish, at their own 
expense, all brooms, mops, dusters, soap, lime, and help nec- 
essary to carry out the above provisions. 

87. Report Improprieties. — They shall report to the Prin- 
cipals, Superintendent, or School Commissioners the names 



SCHOOL REGULATIONS. 81 

of any persons guilty of defacing or destroying any of the 
school property, or who may be guilty of any improprieties in 
or about the school premises. 

88. Report Damages. — They shall immediately notify the 
Superintendent or Committee on Janitors, of all damages to 
buildings or other property, and if possible how and by whom 
done. 

II. DUTIES AT SCHOOL. 

89. To who7n Subject. — They shall be at the call of the 
teachers, Superintendent, or any School Commissioner, and 
shall attend promptly to all orders from them pertaining to 
their duties. 

90. Supply Water, etc. — They shall keep a supply of fresh 
water for teachers and pupils, shall see that the areas, out- 
houses and play-grounds are kept clean and free from im- 
purities, and in winter that the walks before the schools and 
those in the yards are free from snow. 

91. Close the Buildings. — They shall close the buildings 
after the exercises of the day, lock all the outside doors and 
gates and permit no one to enter the premises after that time, 
without the order of a school officer. 

92. Attend Evening Schools. — The janitors of those build- 
ings wherein Evening Schools are held shall see that the 
rooms are cleaned, lighted and warmed (when necessary). 
The janitors shall attend these schools and such other meet- 
ings in the evening as the Board may order, and at the close 
of them put out the lights and lock the buildings. 

93. Extra Compensation. — For services in the evening the 
janitors shall be allowed such extra compensation as shall be 
previously ordered by the Board. 

in. MESSENGER OF THE BOARD. 

94. Attend Meetings of the Board — In addition to his 
other duties the janitor of the school building in which the 
regular meetings of the Board of Education are held shall at- 
tend all meetings of the Board and Committee meetings of 



■3^ SGiiOOL REGULATIONS. 

the members thereof, and see that their room is cleaned, 
lighted and warmed when required. 

95. Deliver Notices. — He shall deliver all notices of 
special meetings of the Board, or of Committee meetings, and 
such other notices as may be required by any of the school 
ofl&cers. 

96. Charge of the Depositortj . — He shall, when required 
by the Superintendent, keep charge of the Depository and the 
property therein, seeing that, all is kept in good order, that 
the books, records, etc., are convenient of access, and that 
nothing is removed therefrom except by the proper authori- 
ties. 



PROVISIONS OF THE CITY CHARTER 

RELATIVE TO THE POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE % 

BOARD OF EDUCATION 



PROVISIONS OF CITY CHARTER 

RELATIVE TO 

BOARD OF EDUCATION 



TITLE SIXTH.— Board of Education. 
86. And he it enacted, That the Board of Education of the 
City of Paterson shall consist of two School Commissioners 
from each Ward of the City of Paterson. ^ 

37. And be it enacted, That there shall be elected in each of 
the Wards of said City, at the charter election, yearly and 
every year, one School Commissioner, who shall be a resident 
of his Ward and entitled to vote therein, and who shall enter 
upon the duties of his office on the first Monday after his 
election, and continue therein two years and until his succes- 
sor is elected in his stead ; the term of office of the members 
of the present board shall not be changed, but each shall hold 
his office to the full end of his term, as said Board is now con- 
stituted ; and the said School Commissioners and their suc- 
cessors shall be and they are hereby incorporated by the 
name of ''The Board of Education of the City of Paterson," 
and shall be vested with all the powers and privileges apper- 
taining to corporate bodies, necessary to carry into effect the 
provisions of this act. 

38. And be it enacted. That the School Committeemen of 
the several Wards of the City of Paterson, having pursuant 
to law conveyed and transferred to " The Mayor and Alder- 
men of the City of Paterson," all their respective corporate 
property, both real and personal, the said "The Mayor and 
Aldermen of the City of Paterson," shall assume and become 
liable to pay all the just corporate debts and liabilities of the 
said School Committeemen respectively ; and the said " The 



S6 PROVISIONS OP CITY CHARTER 

Mayor and Aldermen cf the City of Paterson" shall provide for 
the payment of said debt, and of such other debts and liabili- 
ties as may hereafter be incurred by said City for real or 
personal property to be used for school purposes, by issuing 
bonds to secure the payment thereof with interest, not exceed- 
ing seven per centum per annum, under the common seal and 
signed by the Maj'or of said City ; inovided, that said bonds 
shall be redeemable at a period of time not more than twenty- 
five years from the issuing thereof; and provided further, 
that the whole indebtedness of said City for school purposes, 
whether by bond or otherwise, shall not at any time exceed 
the sum of fifty thousand dollars. 

39. And be it enacted. That the Mayor and Aldermen of 
said City shall yearly, and every year, until the said bonds 
shall be wholly redeemed and paid off, order and cause to be 
assessed and collected by tax, at the time and in the manner 
that other taxes in said city are assessed and collected, a sum 
of money sufficient to pay the interest on said bonds as the 
same falls due, and to pay and discharge the principal by the 
time the same shall be payable ; and all such moneys so to be 
raised, are hereby inviolably pledged to pay the interest and 
principal of said bonds. 

40. And he it enacted, That the said Board of Education 
shall meet in said City within ten days after the charter elec- 
tion in each and every year, and shall appoint a Secretary 
from their own number, and shall elect by ballot one person 
to be Superintendent of Public Schools, who shall be Presi- 
dent of said Board, and ■who shall be the executive officer of 
said Board, but shall have no vote therein, and who shall con- 
tinue in office for one year and until his successor shall be 
elected, unless sooner removed by said Board; and the said 
Board of Education and the said Superintendent, subject to 
their direction, shall have the control, regulation and manage- 
ment of the Public Schools of said City ; and it shall be their 
further duty to visit every public school in said city at least 
once in every quarter, to advise and consult with the teach- 
ers, and cause the results of such visits to be entered in a 



RELATIVE TO BOARD OF EDUCATION. 87 

hook to be kept for that purpose by said Board ; and the said 
Superintendent shall make a report in writing, and transmit 
the same to the State Superintendent of Public Schools, on 
or before the fifteenth day of December in each year, of the 
state and condition of the public schools in said city, the 
number of scholars taught therein, the length of time the 
schools are kept open during the year, and such other matters 
as may be by law required of him ; and for his services ho 
shall be entitled to receive one dollar for every day actually 
employed in the duties of his office, to be paid in the same 
manner as the other expenses of said schools shall be paid. 

41. And he it enacted. That the Secretary of said Board 
shall keep a record of their proceedings, which from time to 
time shall be published in one or more of the newspapers of 
said city ; and all questions involving the payment of money, 
or creating any liability therefor, shall be taken by yeas and 
nays, which shall also be recorded by the Secretary. 

42. And he it enacted, That the said city shall be entitled 
to a full quota of the moneys appropriated by the trustees of 
the school fund to the County of Passaic, which, when re- 
ceived, shall be deposited with the City Treasurer to the 
credit of the Board of Education. 

43. And be it enacted, That the said Mayor and Aldermen 
shall, on or before the first day of May, yearly and every year, 
in addition to the sum to be raised for the payment of the 
debt and interest incurred for school purposes, appropriate 
from the city treasury a sum of money sufficient for the pur- 
pose of organizing and maintaining the public schools of said 
city, which sum in the aggregate shall not exceed ten dollars, 
nor be less than seven dollars per scholar, on the average 
number reported by the Board of Education, as attending the 
public schools the preceding year, and after determining the 
sum of money to be so appropriated they shall deduct there- 
from the amount received or to be received from the school 
fund of the State for the current year, and the balance shall 
be raised by a tax, which shall be assessed and collected in 
the same manner and time that the other taxes of said city 



38 PROVISIONS OP CITY CHARTER 

are assessed and collected : and whenever the Mayor and 
Aldermen shall have made the appropriation aforesaid, it 
shall be the duty of the City Treasurer to place said sum to 
the credit of the Board of Education of the City of Pater- 
son, and the said Treasurer shall pay, on presentation, all 
drafts drawn upon him by order of said Board, duly attested 
by the signatures of the President and Secretary, which draft 
shall state the purpose for which it is given, and be made 
payable to the order of the person entitled to receive the 
same, and endorsed by said person, to an amount not exceed- 
ing the balance remaining on his books to the credit of said 
Board, and shall preserve such drafts as vouchers, to be ex- 
hibited in the settlement of his accounts as Treasurer of the 
City of Paterson. 

44. And he it enacted, That a majority of the whole num- 
ber of School Commissioners shall constitute a quorum for the 
transaction of business ; and no resolution or order of the 
Board shall be adopted unless with the consent of a ma- 
jority of the whole number of School Commissioners ; the said 
Board of Education shall prepare and transmit to " The 
Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Paterson" at least fifteen 
days before the charter election in each year, an inventory of 
all the property, real and personal, in their possession, used 
in said city for school purposes, and a report in writing em- 
bracing the number of schools under their charge, specifying 
their grades, the number of teachers employed therein, the 
number of pupils on the roll, the average attendance in each 
school, and the several items or bills of expenditure paid by 
said Board during the year, under the respective heads of 
erections and repairs of* school houses, the cost of school fur- 
niture, salaries of teachers, cost of school books and station- 
ery, fuel and incidental expenses, together with such general 
remarks in regard to the progress and management of the 
schools as the Board may deem advisable ; and the said 
Board shall also, at the same time, prepare and transmit an 
estimate of the amount of moneys necessary for the support 
of public schools in said city for the ensuing year, which es- 



RELATIVE TO BOARD OF EDUCATION. 89 

timate shall be based upon the expenditure of the past year, 
and which shall particularly specify the sum required under 
the several heads as above stated, which report the Mayor 
and Aldermen of the City of Paterson shall cause to be pub- 
lished in two or more of the public newspapers printed in 
said city, within ten days after receiving the same ; and that 
the said Board of Education shall have the charge, possession 
control and management of all the property, real and per- 
sonal, used in said city for school purposes, and shall cause 
till necessary repairs to be made to the same ; and are hereby 
empowered to organize and establish in said city such public 
schools as the public convenience may require, and to have 
the control and management thereof, and to select and em- 
ploy teachers duly licensed by the Board of Examiners of 
said city, and such other officers as may be necessary ; and 
to provide school furniture, books, stationery and fuel, and 
incur such incidental expenses for the maintenance of said 
public schools as may "be necessary ; ^provided, that the said 
Board shall at no time incur any liability exceeding the 
amount appropriated by the Mayor and Aldermen of said 
city for school purposes ; and to admit to said public schools, 
under such rules and regulations as said Board may adopt, 
any child, from the age of five to eighteen years inclusive, 
whose parents or guardians reside in said city, and at their 
discretion may admit such other children as are under the 
charge and control of a resident of said city ; and to make 
and enforce such by-laws and regulations for £he government 
of said Board and the public schools of said city as to secure 
and promote an economical and efficient system of public 
education ; to appoint two citizens of said city to constitute, 
with the said Superintendent, a Board of Examiners for 
teachers in said city ; to fill any vacancy in Board of Edu- 
cation occasioned by death, resignation, removal out of the 
ward or other disability, by appointing a person to fill the un- 
expired term, who shall be a resident of the ward for which 
the appointment may be made, and entitled to vote therein ; 
and the said Board may declare vacant the office of any 



40 PROVISIONS OF CITY CHARTER 

School Commissioner elected or appointed aforesaid, who shall 
refuse or neglect to attend any three successive stated meet- 
ings of the Board, after having heen personally notified to at- 
tend and giving no satisfactory reason for his non-attendance. 

45. And he it enacted, That the Board of Examiners shall 
meet at such time and place as the})- shall appoint, to examine 
and license by certificate, under their hands and seals, suita- 
ble persons as teachers of .public schools in said city, having 
regard always to scholarship and moral character, which cer- 
tificate shall specify in what capacity the person so licensed 
is qualified to teach, and shall be evidence thereof, and which 
license may bo revoked at pleasure. 

46. Andhe it enacted, That whenever the said Board shall 
determine to establish a school or schools in said city, they 
shall procure a school house .by hiring the same, or (with 
the assent of the Mayor and Aldermen of said city) by pur- 
chasing a site and erecting necessary .buildings thereon, ac- 
cording to plans and specifications which shall be laid before 
the said Mayor and Aldermen, and approved by them ; the 
erection of which buildings, and the furnishing and fitting up 
thereof, and the altering, furnishing' and fitting up of any 
hired or other building shall be done by contract, proposals 
for which shall be advertised in two of the newspapers of said 
city for at least two weeks previous to deciding thereon, un- 
less such altering, furnishing and fitting up, shall not exceed 
two hundred dallars ; and in all cases such contract shall be 
awarded to any responsible person proposing the lowest bid, 
who shall give satisfactory security to the said Board for the 
due and faithful performance thereof, said Board reserving 
the right to reject all such bids and re-advertise for new pro- 
posals ; and whenever any contract shall be made for pur- 
chasing a site for a public school in said city, or for erecting, 
altering, furnishing or fitting up any building for school pur- 
poses, it shall be the duty of said Board of Education to lay 
before the Mayor and Aldermen of said city, such contract, 
or a copy thereof, together with a statement showing in de- 
tail the amount of money to be paid by the city under suck 



Relative to board of education. 41 

contract ; and it shall be the duty of the said Mayor and Al- 
dermen to appropriate, from time to time, such sum or sums 
of money as may be required by the Board of Education for 
the purpose of performing such contract ; and all sums of 
money so appropriated shall be subject to the draft of said 
Board, and said Board may, with the assent of th^ Mayor 
and Aldermen, sell or exchange, if necessary, any public 
school property in said city. 

47. And be it enacted, That all supplies of books, station-! 
ery, and fuel, required for the public schools of said city shall 
be obtained by contract, proposals for which shall be adver- 
tised as provided in the preceding section of this act, and the 
said Board shall in all cases award the contract for any arti- 
cle or articles to any responsible party proposing the lowest 
price for the same, who will give satisfactory security to said 
Board ; provided, that the Board of Education may, at their 
discretion, require the pupils to furnish their own books and 
stationery. 

48. And be it enacted, That the title to all school property, 
real and personal, purchased v.iih any money derived from 
the school fund, or raised by taxation or otherwise in said 
city, shall be vested in " The Mayor and Aldermen of the 
City of Paterson,". and they shall keep all the public school 
property in said city insured in some solvent Insurance Com- 
pany or Companies 

49. And be it enacted. That all actions or other proceedings, 
brought or to be brought in any court of law or equity against 
any person or persons or body corporate, for damages for.and 
on account of any injury to any property, real or personal, 
under th"e charge, control and management of the Board of 
Education, shall be in the name of " The Board of Education 
of the City of Paterson," notwithstanding that the legal title 
to said property may be vested in " The Mayor and Aldermen 
of the City of Paterson"; and all damage^ which may be 
recovered in such actions or proceedings shall be appropriated 
by the said Board to the support of public schools in said city. 



4:2 PROVISIONS OF CITY CHARTER 

Supplement, approved March 25th, 1862, 

8. And he it enacted, That the School Commissioners of the 
city of Paterson shall meet in said city on the Monday next 
succeeding the charter election, yearly and every year, and 
shall eiect one of their number President of the Board of 
Education, who shall be presiding officer of said Board, and 
who shall continue in office for one year, unless sooner removed 
by said Board, and whenever he may be absent a President 
pro tempore may be appointed ; and the said Board shall be 
authorized, in case of the death, resignation or removal of 
said President to elect another to fill the unexpired term. 

9. And be it enacted, That the said Board of Education 
shall appoint a Secretary, who shall be ex-officio the Superin- 
tendent of Public Schools, and shall perform such other duties 
as the Board may prescribe, and shall hold his office during, 
the pleasure of the Board, but shall have no vote therein, and 
the said Board shall be authorized to pay said Secretary a 
compensation for his services not exceeding the sum of six 
hundred dollars per annum ; provided, however, that the said 
Secretary shall, before he enters upon his duties as Secretary 
or Superintendent, obtain from the Board of Examiners, ap- 
pointed to examine and license teachers for the public schools 
in the city of Paterson, a certificate of his qualifications and 
fitness to discharge the duties of Superintendent ; and unless 
the said Secretary obtain such certificate, then and in that 
case his appointment by the Board of Education shall be void 
and of no effect. ' 



Supplement, approved March 18, 1863. 

Seo. 1. That any person who has been or shall be appointed 
by the Board of Education of the City of Paterson in the 
County of Passaic to fill a vacancy in said Board, shall hold 
and exercise such office until the next annual charter election 
in said city, succeeding such appointment and no longer ; and 



RELATIVE TO BOARD OP EDUCATION. 43 

at such charter election every such vacancy shall be filled by 
the election of a School Commissioner, for the unexpired term, 
in the ward from which such vacancy occurred. 



Supplement, approved April 3, 1868. 

1. That the annual reports of the City of Paterson, the 
ordinances and the proceedings of the Boards of Aldermen 
and Education, as well as all other matters heretofore re- 
quired to be published, shall hereafter be published in two 
newspapers in said city, now authorized to publish the laws 
of this State, and that all acts or parts of acts inconsistent 
with this act be, and the same are hereby repealed. 



Supplement, approved April 8, 1868. 

2. And be it enacted, That there shall be elected in and for 
each of the Second, Fourth ami Eighth Wards of said city, 
two persons as School Commissioners, and one person as 
School Commissioner in each of the First, Third, Fifth, Sixth 
and Seventh Wards, and that where two are elected in any 
one Ward there shall be chosen one for two years and one for 
one year. 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 



THE STATE SCHOOL LA¥. 

An Act to establish a system of Public Instruction. 



ARTICLE I. 

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. 

1. Be [T enacted hy the Senate and General Assembly of 
the State of New Jersey, That the general supervision and 
control of public instruction in the state of New •! ersey shall 
be vested in a state board of education, which board shall 
consist of the trustees of the school fund, the trustees of the 
State Normal School, appointed as hereafter provided, to- 
gether with the treasurer thereof. 

2. And he it enacted, That the state board of education 
shall have power, and it shall be their duty : 

I. To frame and modify at pleasure such by-laws as may 
be deemed expedient for their own government, not incon- 
sistent with the provisions of this act, and to prescribe and 
cause to be enforced all rules and regulations necessary for 
carrying into effect the school laws of this state ; 

II. To consider the necessities of the public schools, and 
recommend to the legislature, from time to time, such addi- 
tions and amendments to the laws as are deemed necessary 
for perfecting the school system of the state ; 

III. To appoint the state superintendent of public instruc- 
tion ; 

IV. To appoint the county superintendents of the several 
counties of the state, subject to the approval of the board of 
chosen freeholders of the several counties at their first meet- 
ing after the appointments by the state board, but in all 
cases where no action is taken by any board of chosen free- 
holders approving or disapproving, then the appointments 



48 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

made by the state board shall be valid without such approval. 

V. To prescribe all rules and regulations for holding teach- 
ers' institutes ; 

VI. To order all necessary repairs to the grounds, buildings 
and furniture of the State Normal School, and to keep said 
buildings and furniture insured, and the comptroller shall 
draw Avarrants for the payment of the same, upon the certifi- 
cate of the president of said board ; 

VII. To authorize the payment by the state treasurer up- 
on the warrant of the state comptroller of all the necessary 
incidental expenses incurred by the state superintendent in 
the performance of his official duties ; 

VIII. To decide all appeals from the decision of the state 
superintendent of public instruction. 

3. And be it enacted, That the members of the board shall 
receive no compensation for their services, but the state 
treasurer shall pay the necessary expenses of the said mem. 
bers upon the warrant of the state comptroller. 

4. A7id be it enacted, That the board shall report annually 
to the legislature in regard to all matters committed to their 
care. 

ARTICLE II. 

STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION. 

5. And be it enax^ted. That the state superintendent of pub- 
lic instruction shall be elected by the state board of educa- 
tion by ballot, and shall hold office during the pleasure of the 
board, not to exceed the term of three years, receiving annu- 
ally a salary of two thousand dollars ; i^rovided, that nothing 
herein contained shall prevent his re-election. 

6. And he it enacted. That he shall be required to have his 
office in the state house in Trenton. 

7. And he it enacted, That it shall be his duty to carry out 
the instructions of the board, and to enforce all rules and 
regulations prescribed by them. 

8. And he it enacted. That he shall be ex-officio secretary 
of the board of education, president of the state association 



THE STATE SCHOOL LaW. 49 

of school superintendents, and a member of the state board 
of examiners, and of all county and city boards of examiners. 

9. And he it enacted, That he shall have the supervision 
of all the schools of the state receiving any part of the state 
appropriation, and shall be the general adviser and assistant 
of the county superintendents ; he shall, from time to time, 
as he shall deem for the interest of the schools, address cir- 
cular letters to said superintendents, giving advice as to the 
best manner of conducting schools, constructing school 
houses, furnishing the same, and procuring competent teach- 
ers. 

10. And be it enacted, That the state superintendent, under 
the direction of the trustees of the school fund, shall appor- 
tion to the several counties the state school moneys to which 
each may be entitled, which apportionment shall be made in 
the ratio of the number of children between the ages of five 
and eighteen in the said counties, as ascertained by the last 
annual report of the state superintendent ; he shall furnish 
to the state comptroller, and to the county superintendent, 
and the county collector of each county, an abstract of such 
apportionment, and shall draw his order on the state comp* 
troller for the amount to which each county is entitled, in fa- 
vor of the county collector of said county. 

11. And he it enacted. That he shall have power and it 
shall be his duty to direct and cause the county superintend- 
ent of any county, or any board of trustees or other school 
officers, to withold from any officer or district, or teacher, 
that part of the state appropriation derived from the revenue 
of the state, until such officer, district or teacher shall have 
corajilied with the provisions of this act and its supplements, 
relating to his, its, or their duties, and with all the rules and 
regulations made in pursuance thereof by the state board of 
education ; he shall forbid the payment of said part of the 
state appropriation to any district in which the school or 
schools have not been kept according to law, or in which a 
public school has not been kept for at least five months, during 
the year next preceding the demand for payment. 



50 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

12. And he it enacted, That lie shall prepare and cause to 
be printed suitable forms for making all reports and conduct- 
ing all necessary proceedings under the school laws of this 
state, and shall transmit them to the local school officers and 
teachers ; he shall cause all school laws to be printed in 
pamphlet form, and shall annex thereto forms for making re- 
ports and conducting school business. 

13. And he it enacted, That he shall decide, subject to ap- 
peal to the state board of education, and without cost to the 
parties, all controversies or disputes that may arise under the 
school laws of the state or under the rules and regulations 
prescribed by the state board of education, the facts of which 
controversies or disputes shall be made known to him by 
written statements by the parties thereto, verified by oath or 
affirmation, if required, and accompanied by certified copies 
of all documents necessary to a full understanding of the 
question in dispute ; and his decision shall be binding until a 
different decision shall be given by the state board of 
education. 

14. And he it enacted, That he shall preserve in his office 
such school books, apparatus, maps, charts, works on education, 
plans for school buildings, and other articles of interest to 
school officers or teachers, as may be procured without ex- 
pense to the state. 

15. And he it enacted, That he shall file all school reports 
of this state and of other states which may be sent to his of- 
fice, and shall keep a record of all the acts connected with 
his official duties, and preserve copies of all the decisions 
given by him. 

16. And he it enacted. That he shall provide a seal with 
suitable device for use in his office, by which all his official 
acts and decisions may be authenticated. 

17. Andhe it enacted. That he shall report to the state board 
of education, at its annual meeting in December of each year, 
a statement of the condition of the public schools, and of all 
the educational institutions receiving support from the state, 
which report shall contain full statistical tables of all items 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 51 

connected with the cause of education that may be of inter- 
est to the school officers or people of the state, together with 
such plans and suggestions for the improvement of the schools 
and the advancement of public instruction in the state as he 
shall deem expedient. 

18. And he it enacted, That he shall, at the expiration of 
his term of office, deliver to his successor his official seal, to- 
gether Avith all property, books, documents, maps, records, 
reports, and other papers belonging to his office, or which may 
have been received by him for the use of his office. 

AKTICLE III. 

COUNTY SUPERINTENDENTS. 

19. And he it enacted, That the state board of education 
shall appoint for each county one person as provided in the 
fourth provision of section two, of suitable attainments, as 
the county superintendent of public schools for that county, 
who shall hold office during the pleasure of the board, not to 
exceed the term of three years ; 'provided, that nothing herein 
contained shall prevent his re-appointment. 

20. And he it enacted, That the yearly salary of the county 
superintendent shall be at the rate of ten cents for each child 
in the county between the ages of five and eighteen, as as- 
certained from the last annual report of the state superintend- 
ent, which salary shall be paid by the county collector, on 
the warrant of the state superintendent ; provided, that the 
salary shall in no case be less than five hundred dollars, nor 
more than twelve hundred dollars ; and provided, that in case 
any city shall have a city superintendent of schools who is 
not also the county superintendent, the children belonging to 
such city shall not be counted in determining the salary of 
the county superintendent, and the supervision of the schools 
of said city, which would otherwise belong to the county su- 
perintendent, shall devolve upon the city superintendent. 

21. Andheit enacted, That the county superintendent shall 
apportion annually among the several townships of his county, 
and to the city or cities therein, not included in said town- 



52 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

ships, Tinder the direction of the board of chosen freeholders, 
the school moneys belonging to said county, in the ratio of 
the number of children between the ages of five and eighteen, 
as ascertained by the last preceding annual report of the state 
superintendent of public instruction. 

22. And he it enacted. That he shall further apportion 
among the several school districts of each township the state 
appropriation to which they are entitled, together with the 
township appropriation, in the ratio of the number of children 
between the ages of five and eighteen, as reported by the 
district clerk. 

23. And he it enacted. That he shall issue orders on the 
county collector in favor of each township collector and of 
each city treasurer for that portion of the state appropria- 
tion to which said township or city is entitled ; and shall file 
with each township collector and the clerk of each school 
district in any township a copy of the apportionment of the 
township school funds made by him for said township within 
twenty days after making said apportionment. 

24. And he it enacted^ That he shall examine and license 
teachers, fix the boundaries of school districts, divide and 
unite districts, form new districts, provide for graded schools, 
and discharge other duties of general supervision and super- 
intendence over the public schools of the county in accord- 
ance with the regulations prescribed from time to time by the 
state board of education. 

25. And he it enacted. That he shall have power, and it 
shall be his duty to appoint trustees for any district which 
for any cause fails to elect at the regular time ; to appoint 
trustees to fill vacancies ; to appoint the first trustees for any 
new district ; "provided however, that when a new district is 
organized, such of the trustees of the old district as reside 
within the limits of the new one shall be trustees of the new 
one, and the vacancy in the old district shall be filled by his 
appointment. 

26. And he it enacted. That he shall have power to with- 
hold that part of the state appropriation derived from the 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 53 

revenue of the state from any district in which the inhabitants 
fail to provide a suitable school building and outhouses, or in 
which the existing buildings shall be pronounced by him and 
a majority of the trustees unfit for use ; and for that purpose 
he may serve a notice on the township collector to withhold 
the payment of the same from such district. 

27. And he it enacted, That it shall be the duty of the 
county superintendent, at such time and place as the state 
superintendent may appoint, to examine such candidates for 
state scholarships at the agricultural college, as may present 
themselves, and the candidates shall be subjected to such ex- 
amination as the faculty of the said college and the state su- 
perintendent shall prescribe ; and the canditates who shall 
receive certificates of appointment to the agricultural college 
in any one county, shall be those who obtain on such exami- 
nation the highest average for scholarship ; and the number 
of certificates thus granted, shall in no case exceed the num- 
ber of state scholarships to which such county is entitled. 

28. And he it enacted. That in all controversies arising un- 
der the school law the opinion and nrlvicc of the county su- 
perintendent shall first be sought, ana from him appeal may 
be made, if necessary, to the state superintendent of public 
instruction. 

29. And he it enacted, That the county and city superin- 
tendents shall together constitute an association, to be called 
•' The State Association of School Superintendents," which 
association shall meet at such times and places as the state 
board of education may appoint, and at such other times as 
they may agree upon. 

30. And be it enacted, That each county superintendent and 
each city superintendent, on or before the first of October of 
each year, shall make an annual report to the state superin- 
tendent in the manner and form prescribed by him. 

ARTICLE IV. 

SCHOOL TRUSTEES. 

31. A7id he it enacted. That an annual meeting for the elec- 
tion of school trustees shall be held in each district on the 



64 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

first Monday in September of each year, at the district school 
house, if there he one, and if there be none, at a place to be 
designated by the district clerk, who shall post notices there- 
of, specifying the day, time, object, and place of such meet- 
ing, in at least three public places in the district, one of 
which shall be at the school house, if there be one, at least 
five days previous to the time of meeting ; the voters shall be 
legal voters of the district, and a plurality of votes shall 
elect ; and no person shall be eligible to the ofiice of trustee, 
unless he is a resident in the district. 

32. And be it enacted, That in all districts in which elec- 
tions have been previously held, one trustee shall be elected 
for the term of three years, and if there are vacancies to be 
filled, a sufiicient number shall be elected to fill them for the 
unexpired terms. 

33. And be it enacted, That in new districts acting under 
trustees appointed by the county superintendent, three trus- 
tees shall be elected, for one, two and three years, respect- 
ively ; the term of office of any trustee which would other- 
wise expire in April of any year, shall expire on the first 
Monday in September of the same year. 

34. And be it enacted. That each board of trustees shall, 
within ten days after the annual election, meet at the school 
house, or at some other convenient place, and proceed to elect 
one of their number clerk of the board, who shall be known 
and referred to as " district clerk " : and on their failure to 
do so, the county superintendent shall appoint said clerk. 

35. And be it enacted, That he shall record, in a suitable 
book, all proceedings of the board, and of the annual school 
meetings, and of special school meetings ; and pay out, by 
orders on the township collectors, in the manner prescribed 
by law, all school moneys of the district, whether received 
from the state, township or district ; he shall keep a correct 
and detailed account of all expenditures of school moneys in 
his district, and report the same to the county superintend- 
ent, and also to the township committee ; at each annual 
school meeting he shall present his record book and his ac- 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 55 

counts for public inspection, and shall make a statement of 
the financial condition of the district and of the action of the 
trustees. 

36. And be it enacted, That he shall take annually in the 
month of August, between the first and twentieth day of said 
month, an exact census of all children residing in the district 
between the ages of five and eighteen, not including the 
children who may be inmates of poor houses, asylums or alms 
houses, and shall specify the names and ages of such child- 
ren and the names of their parents or guardians ; (all children 
who may be absent from home, attending colleges, boarding 
schools, and private seminaries of learning, shall be included 
in the census list of the city, town or district in which their 
parents or guardians reside, and not be taken by the district 
clerk of the city, town or district where they may be attend- 
ing such institutions of learning) ; and that he shall make a 
full report thereof, verified by him under oath or afiirmation, 
that the same is correct and true, on the blanks furnished for 
that purpose, to the county superintendent, on or before the 
first day of September next after h's appointment, and keep 
a copy of the same for the use of thu school trustees, and 
shall receive for his services such compensation as the board 
of trustees may allow. 

37. And he it enacted, That he shall keep the school build- 
ings in repair; he shall provide the necessary fuel, and ob- 
tain for the schools such supplies of crayons for blackboards, 
for the use of the pupils, as are necessary in carrying out 
the course of study prescribed therein ; which repairs and 
supplies shall be paid for out of the moneys raised by the 
district. 

38. And be it enacted. That every school district shall be 
known by the name and number assigned to it by the county 
superintendent, in accordance with the general regulations of 
the state board of education, and the trustees thereof shall 
be a body corporate, to be called and known by the name of 
" The Trustees of School District Number — , in the county 
of ," and shall be capable of suing and being sued, 



i 



56 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

in all courts and places whatever, and of purchasing, holding 
and convej'ing real and personal property for the use and 
benefit of the schools of such district, and may have a corpo- 
rate seal. 

39. And he it enacted, That the board of trustees of any 
school district shall have power, and it shall be their duty : 

I. To employ and dismiss teachers, janitors, mechanics, 
and laborers, and to fix, alter, allow, and order paid their sal- 
aries and compensations ; 

II. To make and enforce rules and regulations, not in con- 
flict with the general regulations of the state board of educa- 
tion, for the government of schools, pupils and teachers ; 

III. To erect school buildings and purchase, lease or sell 
school lots, as they may be directed by a two-third vote of 
the district ; 

IV.' To rent, furnish and repair school buildings, and keep 
the same insured ; 

V. To purchase personal property, and to receive, lease, 
and hold in fee, in trust for their district, any and all real or 
personal property, for the benefit of the schools thereof; 

VI. To enforce the regulations prescribed by the state 
board of education ; and in connection with the county super- 
intendent to prescribe the course of study to be pursued, and 
a uniform series of text books to be used in the school or 
schools under their charge ; 

VII. To suspend or expel pupils from school ; 

VIII. To provide books for indigent children ; 

IX. To require all pupils to be furnished with suitable 
books, as a condition of membership in the school; 

X. To require every teacher to keep a state school register ; 

XI. To call a special meeting of the legal voters of the 
district, at any time when, in the judgment of said trustees, 
the interests of the school may require it ; which meeting 
shall be called in the manner provided in section eighty of 
this act, for calling the annual district meeting, and no busi- 
ness shall be transacted at said special meeting, except such 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 57 



as has been set forth in the notices by which said meeting 
was called ; 

XII. To permit a school house to be used for other than 
school purposes, when a majority of the trustees present shall 
so agree, at a meeting regularly called for that purpose ; 

XIII. To make an annual report, on or before the first of 
September, to the county superintendent, in the manner and 
form prescribed by the state superintendent of public in- 
struction. 

40. And be it enacted. That the district trustees of each 
township shall together constitute an association, to be called 
" The Township Board of Trustees " ; said board shall meet 
at such times and places as the county superintendent may 
appoint, for the purpose of hearing from him communications 
and suggestions in regard to the management of the schools, 
and of submitting to him questions for advice or opinion re- 
lating to the same. 

ARTICLE V. 

TEACHERS. 

41. And he it enacted, That every teacher of a public 
school shall keep a school register in the manner provided 
therefor, and no salary shall be paid to such teacher until 
said register is exhibited to the district clerk or other officer 
authorized to make payment, and until said officer finds by 
examination, that the register has been properly kept for the 
time for which salary is demanded, and enters upon the reg- 
ister a certificate to that efi'ect. 

•42. And be it enacted, That every teacher who shall leave 
a school before the close of the school year, shall at the time 
of leaving, make to the county superintendent a report of the 
school for all that portion of the current school year that the 
school has been in his or her charge, and shall at the same 
time give a duplicate of said report, and surrender the school 
register to the district clerk, and any teacher who may be 
teaching any school at the close of the school year, shall in 
his or her annual report, include all the statistics from the 



58 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

school register for the entire school year, nothwithstanding 
any previous report for a part of the year ; no school money 
shall be paid to any teacher for the last month of his or her 
services, until the report herein required shall have been 
made and received, and the register exhibited ; Jpr(9^;^(^eG?, 
that in graded schools in which there are more teachers than 
one, the principal teacher alone shall be responsible for the 
school report and register. 

43. And he it enacted,, That no teacher shall be entitled to 
any salary unless such teacher shall be the holder of a prop- 
er teacher's certificate, in full force and effect. 

44. And he it enacted, That in every contract, whether 
written or verbal, between any teacher and board of trustees, 
a school month shall be construed and taken to be twenty 
school days : or four weeks of five school days each, and no 
teacher shall be required to teach school on Christmas day, 
the first day of January, the fourth day of July, and such 
days of fasting or thanksgiving as may be appointed by the 
president of the United States, or the governor of this state ; 
and no deduction from the teacher's time or wages shall be 
made by reason of the fact that a school day happens to be 
one of the days referred to in this section ; any contract made 
in violation of this section shall have no force or effect as 
against the teacher. 

45. And he it enacted, That every teacher shall have pow- 
er to hold every pupil accountable, in school, for any disor- 
derly conduct on the way to or from school, or on the play 
grounds of the school, or during recess, and to suspend from 
school any pupil for good cause ; 'provided, that such suspen- 
sion shall be reported by the teacher to the trustees as soon 
as practicable ; and if such action is not sustained by them, 
the teacher may appeal to the county superintendent, whose 
decision shall be final. 

46. And he it enacted. That in case of the dismissal of any 
teacher before the expiration of any contract entered into 
between such teacher and trustees, the teacher shall have the 
right of appeal to the county superintendent, and if the 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 59 

county superintendent shall decide that the removal was made 
without good cause, said teacher shall be entitled to compen- 
sation for .the full time for which the contract was made ; but 
it shall be optional with the trustees whether he or she shall 
or shall not teach for the unexpired term. 

AETICLE VI. 

PUPILS. 

47. And be it enacted, That the pupils of the public school 
shall comply with the regulations established in pursuance of 
law for the government of such schools ; shall pursue the 
course of study, and use the series of text books prescribed 
by the trustees and county superintendent, and shall submit 
to the authority of the teachers ; continued and wilful diso- 
bedience, or open defiance of the authority of the teacher, 
the use of habitual profanity or obscene language, shall con- 
stitute good cause for suspension or expulsion from school ; 
any pupil who shall in any Avay cut, deface, or otherwise in- 
jure any school house, fences or out-buildings thereof, shall 
be liable to suspension and punishment, and the parents of 
guch pupil shall be liable for damages to the amount of in- 
jury, on complaint of the teacher, the amount to be deter- 
mined by' the trustees and collected by the district clerk, by 
an action in debt therefor, in any court having jurisdiction, 
in his name as district clerk, together with the costs of said 
action. 

ARTICLE VII. 

BOARDS OF EXAMINERS. 

48. And be it enacted, That there shall be a state board of 
examiners, consisting of the state superintendent of public 
instruction and the principal of the state Normal School ; they 
shall have power, and it shall be their duty to hold examina- 
tions of teachers, and to grant state certificates or revoke the 
same, under such rules and regulations as the state board of 
education may prescribe, and a certificate thus granted shall 
entitle the holder, without further examination, to teach in 



60 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

any part of the state, so long as the certificate remains valid 
by the terms thereof, and in any school not of a higher grade 
than that for which the certificate represents him as qualified. 
49. And be it enacted, That there shall be in each county 
a county board of examiners, Avhich shall be composed of the 
county superintendent, who shall, ez-officio, be chairman, and 
of a number of teachers, not to exceed three, to be appoint- 
ed by him, who shall hold ofiice for one year from the time of 
their respective appointments ; but no person shall be appoint- 
ed as county examiner unless he holds either a state or a first 
grade county certificate ; the county superintendent shall fill 
vacancies that occur from absence or other causes, but if he 
cannot find any teacher in his county qualified under the pro- 
visions of this section willing to serve, he shall conduct the 
examination himself; the board shall meet at such times and 
places as may be designated by the chairman, and shall hold 
a session at least as often as once in every three months, and 
at the place and during the session of any teacher's institute 
held in the county ; each member of the board, except the 
county superintendent, shall be paid for his services, in addi- 
tion to his traveling expenses, a sum not exceeding three dol- 
lars for each session of said board, to be paid by the county 
collector on the order of the county superintendent ; provided, 
that this compensation shall be paid only for the regular 
quarterly examinations ; and that whenever said board shall 
hold sessions at any other time, no compensation shall be al- 
lowed from the county ; but in cases of such special exami- 
nations, said board may charge each applicant an examination 
fee not exceeding two dollars ; the county board of examiners 
shall have power to conduct examinations and to grant cer- 
tificates of diff"erent grades, in accordance with the general 
regulations on the subject prescribed by the state board of 
education, and the highest grade of certificate thus granted 
shall entitle the holder, without further examination, to teach 
in any part of the state so long as this certificate remains 
valid, and in any school not of a higher grade than that for 
which the certificate represents the holder as qualified; any 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 61 

county certificate lower than the highest grade will only en- 
title the holder to teach a school of a corresponding grade in 
the county for which such certificate was granted. 

50. A7id he it enacted, That in every city having a board 
of education governed by special laws, there shall be a city 
board of examiners to consist of such members as said board 
of education of that city may appoint ; said examiners shall 
have power, subject to such rules and regulations as may be 
prescribed by the city board of education, to grant certificates 
of qualification, which shall be valid for all schools of that 
city ; and no teacher shall be employed in any of the schools 
of that city unless possessing such certificate, or a state cer- 
tificate, nor in any school of a higher grade than that for 
which said certificate represents the holder to be qualified ; 
any city board of examiners may recognize the certificates of 
any other city, and without examination issue to the holders 
certificates of a corresponding grade. 

ARTICLE VIII.— Schools. 

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 

51. And he it enacted. That there shall be a normal school, 
or seminary, for the training and education of teachers in the 
art of instructing and governing the common schools of this 
state, the object of which normal school or seminary shall be 
the training and education of its pupils in such branches of 
knowledge, and such methods of teaching and governing as 
will qualify them for teachers of our common schools. 

52. And he it enacted. That there shall be a board of trus- 
tees of said normal school, to consist of two trustees from 
each congressional district ; the trustees already appointed 
shall continue in ofiice severally for the terms for which they 
have been appointed, namely : five whose terms expire in 
eighteen hundred and sixty-eight, and five whose terms expire 
in eighteen hundred and sixty-nine, and annually thereafter, 
in the place of those whose terms are about to expire, the 
governor shall nominate, and by and with the advice and con- 
sent of the senate, shall appoint one trustee of said school 



62 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

from each congressional district, to hold office severally for 
the term of two years and until their successors are appointed, 
so that there shall always be two trustees from each congres- 
sional district, and in case of any vacancy by death, resigna- 
tion or otherwise, a successor for the unexpired term, shall in 
like manner be appointed ; the state superintendent of public 
instruction shall be ex-officio a member of said board of 
trustees. 

53. And he it enacted, That the said trustees shall receive 
no compensation for their services, but the expenses necessa- 
rily incurred by them in the discharge of their duties shall 
be defrayed out of the funds hereinafter appropriated for the 
support of said school. 

54. And he it enacted. That to the said board of trustees 
shall be committed the control and use of the buildings and 
grounds owned and used by the state for the use of the nor- 
mal school, the application of the funds for the support there- 
of, the appointment of teachers and the power of removing 
the same, the power to prescribe the studies and exercises of 
the school, and rules for its management, to grant diplo- 
mas, to appoint some suitable person treasurer of the board, 
and to frame and modify, at pleasure, such by-laws as they 
may deem necessary for their own government ; and they shall 
report annually to the legislature their own doings and the 
progress and condition of the school. 

55. And he it enacted, That the number of pupils shall not 
exceed three for each member of the senate and general as- 
sembly, and each county shall be entitled to fill three times 
as many seats in the school as it [has] representatives in the 
legislature ; the applicants shall give on admission a written 
declaration, signed with their own hands, that their object in 
seeking admission to the school is to qualify themselves for 
the employment of public school teachers, and that it is their 
intention to engage in that employment in this state for at 
least two years. 

56. And he it enacted, That at the opening of each term of 
jthe Normal School, the principal, with his assistants, shall 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 63 

proceed to examine applicants, and to admit to the school 
such as appear to be possessed of the proper qualification to 
the number to which each county may be entitled. 

57. And he it enacted, That in case any county is not fully 
represented, additional candidates niaiy be admitted from 
other counties on sustaining the requisite examination. 

58. And he it enacted, That the board of trustees shall ap- 
point and procure the number of teachers which may be nec- 
essary to carry out, in the best and highest sense, the purposes 
and designs of this act, and shall furnish for the use of the 
pupils the necessary apparatus and text books, so far as the 
funds hereafter to be named and appropriated for the support 
of the school will allow ; and the tuition in the normal school 
shall be gratuitous. 

59. And he it enacted. That the board of trustees are au- 
thorized to maintain a model school under permanent teach- 
ers, in which the pupils of the normal school shall have op- 
portunity to observe and practice the modes of instruction 
and discipline inculcated in the normal school, and in which 
pupils may be prepared for the normal school. 

60. And he it enacted. That for the support of the normal 
school and to carry out the purposes and designs of this act, 
there is appropriated hereby the annual sum of ten thousand 
dollars, to be paid out of the treasury of the state upon the 
warrant of the comptroller. 

GRADED SCHOOLS. 

61. Andheit enacted. That any two or more districts, by a 
majority vote of the inhabitants at a meeting regularly called 
or advertised by the county superintendent, or superintend- 
ents of the county or counties in which said districts are sit- 
uated, may cause to be established and maintained a graded 
school, which shall be entitled, according to the number of 
children in attendance, to its proper share of the state appro- 
priation, and of the township school taxes belonging to the 
districts which have caused said graded school to be erected ; 
and a school thus established shall be governed by a joint 



64 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

board, composed of the trustees of the combining districts, 
and subject to such regulations as they may prescribe. 

DISTRICT SCHOOLS. 

62. And he it enacted, That the inhabitants of every school 
district shall be required to provide a suitable school building 
and outhouses for the accommodation of their children ; and 
in case such buildings are not provided, or those already in 
use shall be pronounced by the county superintendent and a 
majority of the trustees of said district, unfit for the purposes 
for which they are applied, such district shall be deprived of 
the benefit of that part of the state appropriation derived 
from the revenues of the state until suitable buildings shall 
be erected. 

63. And he it enacted, That no school district shall be en- 
titled to receive any part of the school appropriation which 
shall not have maintained a public school for at least five 
months during the then next preceding school year ; jp'^-ovided, 
that any new district, or a district in which the school is dis- 
continued on account of the repairing of an old, or the erec- 
tion of a new school building, shall not be deprived of its 
full share of the public school funds on account of the re- 
strictions of this section. 

64. And he it enacted, That the school year shall begin on 
the first day of September, and end on the last day of August. 

AKTICLE IX. 

REVENUE. 

Btate Appropriations. 

65. And he it enacted, That the governor of this state, the 
president of the senate, the speaker of the house of assem- 
bly, the attorney general, the secretary of state, and the 
comptroller, and their successors in office, be, and they are 
hereby constituted and appointed trustees of the fund for the 
support of public schools in this state, arising either from ap- 
propriations heretofore made, or which may hereafter be made 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 



65 



by law, or which may arise from the gift, grant, bequest or 
devise of any person or persons whatsoever, which trustees 
shall be known by the name, style and title of " the trustees 
for the support of public schools" ; provided, that it shall not 
be lawful for any teacher, trustee or trustees, to introduce 
into or have performed in any school receiving its proportion 
of the public money, any religious service, ceremony or forms 
whatsoever, except reading the Bible and repeating the Lord's 
Prayer. 

66. And be it enacted, That the public stocks and moneys 
heretofore appropriated by law, shall constitute the funds in 
the hands of the trustees appointed by the foregoing section 
of this act, and shall be held by the said trustees in trust ; 
the interest and dividends arising therefrom to be applied by 
the said trustees, or a majority of them, for the support of 
public schools in this £tate, in the mode now prescribed or 
hereafter to be prescribed by any act or acts of the legisla- 
ture, and for no other use or purpose whatsoever. 

67. And be it enacted. That the fund above mentioned, to- 
gether with all the moneys which shall be received by the 
treasurer in payment of the principal or interest of the bank 
or turnpike stock belonging to the fund for the support of 
free schools, all the taxes which may hereafter be received 
into the treasury from any of the banking and insurance com- 
panies in this state, the capital stock of which now is, or here- 
after may be, liable by law to be taxed, all appropriations to 
said funds, made or to be made, by any law of this state, and 
the amount of all gifts, grants, bequests or devises hereafter 
made by any person or persons to the said trustees, for the 
purposes contemplated by this act, shall be invested by the 
treasurer of this state, under the direction of the said trus- 
tees or a majority of them, in the bonds of the United States, 
or of New Jersey, or in bonds secured by mortgage on land 
in New Jersey, the interest thereof to be applied to the sup- 
port of the public schools in the mode which now is, or may 
hereafter be directed by law, and to no other use or purpose 
whatsoever ; an account of the management of the said fund 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 



shall be laid before the legislature, with the annual statement 
of the treasurer's accounts ; and no compensation shall be 
paid to said trustees or treasurer for any service performed 
in pursuance of the direction of this act ; and all investments 
of money and property belonging to said fund now held or 
existing in the name of " The Trustees for the Support of 
Free Schools" are hereby and shall hereafter be vested in 
and held, and any proceedings or action whatever relative 
thereto may be taken, had, made, and maintained by said 
trustees, in the name of the trustees for the support of pub- 
lic schools. 

68, And he it enacted, That the treasurer of this state shall 
annually make and furnish to the board of trustees for the 
support of public schools, on the first day of the stated annual 
meeting of the legislature, and at such other times as the 
majority of the said trustees shall require the same, a partic- 
ular statement of the school fund, containing an account of 
the securities belonging to said fund, with the dates of invest- 
ment, their value, and the interest arising from each denomi- 
nation of securities, together with an account of the moneys 
in the treasury belonging to said fund. 

69, And he it enacted, That the secretary of state be and 
he is hereby constituted and appointed secretary of the said 
board of trustees, whose duty it shall be to record, in a book 
to be kept for that purpose, the proceedings of the said board, 
and the accounts to be furnished by the treasurer as herein- 
before directed, 

70, And he it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the 
trustees of the school fund of this state on or before the first 
Monday of April in every year, to appropriate out of the an- 
nual income for the support of the public schools the sum of 
forty thousand dollars ; and if the annual income of said fund 
shall not have been received in full, or shall be insufiicient 
for that purpose, then the said trustees are hereby authorized 
and empowered to draw for any sum necessary to make up 
the deficiency, by warrant, signed by the comptroller upon 
the treasurer of the state, who is directed to pay the same ; 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 67 

which sum so drawn from the treasury aforesaid, shall be re- 
placed by the annual income of said school fund so soon as 
the same shall be received. 

71. And be it enacted, That from the revenue of the state 
the sum of sixty thousand dollars per annum shall be appro- 
priated, in addition to the sum of forty thousand dollars from 
the annual income of the school fund, as mentioned in the 
preceding section of this act. 

72. And be it enacted, That the trustees of the school fund 
of this state shall have authority to divide the aforesaid sum 
of one hundred thousand dollars into two or more annual in- 
stalments, which shall be paid by the state treasurer to the 
several county collectors on the warrants of the state comp- 
troller. 

73. And be it enacted. That for the purpose of defraying the 
expenses of teachers' institutes, the procuring of teachers 
and lecturers for said institutes, and other necessary expen- 
ses of the same, the state superintendent of public schools 
may draw upon the treasurer of this state for a sum not ex- 
ceedieg one hundred dollars for any one institute, and the 
said amount may be paid annually thereafter, in like manner, 
to one teachers' institute in any county, or in any two or more 
adjoining counties of this state, the same to be paid by the 
treasurer out of the revenue of the state. 

74. And be it enacted. That the state comptroller, annually, 
after having received fi*om the state superintendent of public 
instruction a statement of the apportionment of the state ap- 
propriation among the several counties, shall draw his war- 
rant on the state treasurer in favor of the county collector of 
any county for the portions to which said county is entitled, 
whenever such county collector shall present an order for the 
same, drawn by the state superintendent of public instruction 
in favor of such county. 

75. And be it enacted, That the county collector of each 
county shall receive and hold in trust that part of the state 
appropriation belonging to his county, and shall pay out the 
same to the collectors of the several townships, and to the 



68 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

city treasurers of the cities of his county only on the orders 
of the county superintendent ; provided, that in townships 
where there are less than two hundred children between the 
ages of five and eighteen, the inhabitants may raise such a 
sum per child as will be sufficient to maintain their schools. 

TOWNSHIP TAX. 

76. And be it enacted, That the inhabitants of each town- 
ship are hereby authorized and required, at their annual town 
meetings, to raise by tax, in addition to the amount appor- 
tioned to their usa, such further sums of money as they may 
deem proper for the support of public schools, said sum not 
to be less than two, nor more than four dollars for every child 
in the township, between the ages of five and eighteen, as 
ascertained by the last annual report of the state superintend- 
ent ; which said money shall be assessed and collected at the 
time and in the manner that other township moneys are as- 
sessed and collected ; if the inhabitants of any township, at 
their annual town meeting, fail to provide for the raising of 
such tax, then the county superintendent of the county in 
which such township is situated, shall be required to withhold 
from said township that part of the state appropriation de- 
rived from the revenue of the state, and to apportion and dis- 
tribute the same to the other townships of the county. 

77. And he it enacted. That the several townships in this 
state are authorized and required to appropriate the interest 
of the surplus revenue received by them, and from other 
funds not raised by tax, such sums for the support of the 
public schools as they shall order and direct at their annual 
town meetings, in addition to the amount received from the 
state appropriation and the amount which they raise by tax. 

78. And he it enacted. That it shall be the duty of the 
township collector of each township to receive and hold in 
trust all school moneys belonging to the township or to any 
of the districts thereof, whether received from the state appro- 
priation, from township or district tax, or from other sources, 
and to pay out the same only on the orders of the district 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 69 

clerks of the several districts of his township, -which order 
shall specify the object for which it is given, and which shall 
be signed by at least one other trustee beside said clerk, and 
shall be made payable to the order of, and be endorsed by 
the person entitled to receive it, and he shall, on the order of 
the township committee pay over any balance of school funds 
remaining in his hands, to his successor in office, and he shall 
procure a suitable book, in which he shall keep a separate 
account with each school district in his township, crediting 
each with the amounts apportioned to it by the county super- 
intendent, and the amount raised by tax in the district, 
and charging each with the orders paid for said district, 
and he shall present his accounts to be examined and settled 
by the township committee at the close of the year, a copy of 
which settlement certified by the committee showing the 
amounts received, the amounts expended by him for school 
purposes during the year, (and the balance remaining in his 
hands,) he shall transmit said copy within ten days to the 
county superintendent, and another copy of the same he shall 
file with the clerk of the township, and as compensation 
for such service the township collector shall be entitled to 
receive three-fourths of one per centum on all school funds 
received and paid out by him for such pm puses, during the 
year, to be paid by the township committee from the funds of 
the township. 

79. And be it enacted, That not more than twenty dollars 
annually of the state or township school moneys received for 
any school district, shall be used for any other purpose than 
the payment of teachers' salaries. 

DISTRICT SCHOOL TAX. 

80. And he it enacted, That the legal voters of such dis- 
trict are hereby authorized and required to meet on the Tues- 
day of the week following the annual town meeting, for the 
purpose of determining what additional school tax, if any, 
shall be levied on the district ; said meeting shall be held 
at some convenient public place within the district, and 



70 THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 

notice thereof, setting forth the time, place and object of such 
meeting, shall be given by the district clerk, and set up in 
at least three public places within the district, ten days be- 
fore the day of meeting ; and the said inhabitants so met, 
shall have power, by the consent of two-thirds of those pres- 
ent, to authorize the trustees of said district to purchase land 
for school purposes, to build, enlarge, or repair a school house 
or school houses, and to borrow money therefor, or to sell or 
mortgage a school house or school houses, and to raise by 
taxation for these purposes, or to pay a debt of the district 
incurred for such purposes, and for the current expenses of 
the school or schools, such sum of money as two- thirds of 
the inhabitants so assembled shall agree to ; and in case any 
money shall be ordered by a vote of two-thirds of said meet- 
ing, to be raised by taxation, the district clerk shall make out 
and sign a certificate thereof, under oath or affirmation, that 
the same is correct and true, and deliver the same to the as- 
sessor or assessors of the township or townships in which said 
district is situate, and to the county superintendent, 
which said assessor or assessors shall assess on the inhabi- 
tants of said school district and their estates, and the taxable 
property therein, in the same manner as township taxes are 
assessed, such sum of money as shall have been ordered to 
be raised by the said meeting, in the manner aforesaid ; and 
said money shall be assessed, levied and collected at the 
time and in the manner that other township moneys are as- 
sessed, levied and collacted ; and it shall be the duty of the 
collector or collectors of the township or townships in which 
said district is situate, to pay over all moneys by him or them 
received, which shall have been assessed by virtue of such a 
vote of a district meeting as aforesaid, on the order of the 
district clerk of said district, to be used for the purposes di- 
rected by the district meeting so held as aforesaid. 

81. And he it enacted, That no teacher shall be permitted 
to inflict corporeal punishment upon any child in any school 
in this state. 

82. And he it enacted, That all acts or parts of acts here- 



THE STATE SCHOOL LAW. 71 



tofore passed of a general character on the subject of public 
schools and of the Normal School and its appropriations are 
hereby repealed. 

83. And be it enacted, That this act shall go into effect 
immediately. 

Approved March 21, 1867. 



Supplement, approved March 11, 1868. 

1. That the sum of fourteen thousand eight hundred and 
seventy-four dollars and forty-seven cents be and the same is 
hereby appropriated to the school fund to pay said deficiency, 
[existing from 1867], out of any moneys in the treasury be- 
longing to the state and not otherwise appropriated. 

2. That it shall be the duty of the trustees of the school 
fund of this state, on or before the first Monday of April in 
every year, to appropriate out of the annual income for the 
support of the public schools the sum of thirty-five thousand 
dollars ; and if the annual income of said fund shall not have 
been received in full, or shall be insufiicient for that purpose, 
then the said trustees are hereby authoriz'^'l and empowered 
to draw for any sum necessary to make lij the deficiency, by 
warrant signed by the comptroller upon the treasurer of the 
state, who is directed to pay the same; which sum so drawn 
from the treasury aforesaid, shall be replaced by the annual 
income of said school fund so soon as the same shall be 
received. 

3. That from the revenue of the state the sum of sixty -five 
thousand dollars per annum shall be appropriated, in addition 
to the sum of thirty-five thousand dollars from the annual in- 
come of the school fund, as mentioned in the preceding sec- 
tion of this act. 

4. That the seventieth and seventy -first sections of the act 
to which this is a supplement, be and the same are hereby 
repealed, and that this act shall take effect immediately. 



APPENDIX. 



SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS. 

HIGH SCHOOL. 

Located in East Van Houten Street, between Church and 
Mansion, in the Fourth Ward. 

Samuel C. Hosford, Principal. Frances A. Gilbert, Aggie 
E. Pelson, Assistants. 

GRAMMAR AND PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 1. 

Located in the same building with the High School, as 
above. 

Teachers. — Elizabeth Cox, Eliza M. Chiswell, .Tennie 
Andrews, Ellen J, Glass, Emily Redman, M, M, Runyou, 
Martha Mason, Louisa English, Fanny Thompson, Ann In- 
glis, Maria M. Daggers, Elizabeth Wilson, Anna Glass. 

GRAMMAR AND PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 2. 

Located in Ellison Street, between Main and Prospect, in 
the Sixth Ward. 

Teachers. — Sarah J. Perry, E. E. Adams, Anna Tynan, 
Melissa Daggers, Nettie King, Louisa Fossett, Emma Welsh. 

GRAMMAR AND PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 3. 

Located in Main Street, between Grand and Slater, in the 
Fifth Ward. 

Teachers. — Henry A. Decker, Susie Danforth, L. H. Smith, 
L. Young, Sarah Blauvelt, Fanny Gould, Emily Perry, Jen- 
nie Seager, Kate Ray, Etta Heathcote, Annie Consaul, Car- 
rie Condit, Sarah Atkinson. 

GRAMMAR AND PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 4. 

Located in Temple Street, near Matlock, in the First Ward. 
Teachers. — P. A. Youngblood, Marion D. Gall, M. L. 



SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS. 73 



Crawford, Amelia Moore, Addie Morgan, Julia Munson, Em- 
ma Seager, M. Van Emburg, Maggie O'Neil, Maggie Smith. 

GRAMMAR AND PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 5. 

Located in Sherman Avenue, near Sheridan, in the Second 
Ward. 

Teachers. — Orestes M. Brands, Emma Burnett, Emily 
Dodd, Ann Vreeland, Agnes Wilson. 

PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 6. 

Located in a building, rented for the purpose, in Straight 
Street, between Market and Willis, in the Fourth Ward. 

Teachers.— ^SiixQy Porritt, Matilda Miller, Sarah Porritt, 
Carrie Douglass. 

PRIMARY SCHOOL NO. 7. 

Located in a small building rented for the purpose, near 
Stony Road, in the Eighth Ward. 
Teacher 

COLORED SCHOOL. 

Located in Clinton Street, in the First Ward. 
Teojcher — Eliza M. Halsted. 



74 



SCHOOL STATISTICS. 





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INDEX. 



SEcnoif. 

Appendix 

Appropriations for Schools : 

By the Mayor and Aldermen, 43 

By the State, 21,23 

How divided, 70-72 

B. 

Board ov Education : 

By-Laws of, 

Alteration of, 26 

Duties of Officers, 7-9 

How constituted 36,37 

List of Officers and Members, 

Meetings, 1,3,4 

Organization, 2 

Powers and duties of, 36-49 

' Proceedings of, how kept, 8 

Publication of, 8;41,1 

Rules of order 27-37 

Vacancies in, how caused, 44 

how filled, 25;44,1 

Books : 

Care of by Pupils, 59 

Depository of 8 

Buildings : 

Care of by Janitors, 82-88,91 

How provided (City Charter,) 46 

C. 

Census of School Children : 

To be taken every August 36 

Certificates : 

Grades of, for Teachers, 30 

Of Merit, for Pupils, 65 

of Graduation " 69 



72-74 

37 
51,52 
66-67 



4-12 

11 

6,7 

35,43 

3 

1;36,42 

5;36,42 

35-43 

6 

6;37,43 

11,12 

39 

11;39,42 

26 
G 

30,31 
40 



55 

21 

27 

28 



76 INDEX. 

SECTION. PACK. 

Committees : 

Appointment of, 10 7 

Duties of, 11-17 8,9 

List of. 4 

Corporal Pctnishment : 

"When permitted, 42,45 23,24 

Record of to be kept, 45 24 

Prohibited in district schools, 81 70 

Cost op Schools per Pupil : 

Appendix, 74 

Course or Studies, 12 17 

D. 

Discipline : 

By corporal punishment, 45 24 

By degrading, 71 28 

By detention after school hours 75 29 

By legal process, 72 28 

By suspension, 61,62,74 26,27,29 

E. 

Evening Schools : 

Management of, 17 9 

Examinations : 

Absence of Pupils from, 62 27 

Held each term and for the High School, 78 29 

Of Teachers, 29 21 

Publication of results of Pupils' 78 29 

Teachers' 29 21 

Examiners, Board of : 

How appointed and constituted, 44,50 39,61 

Dutiesof, 45 40 

State Superintendent an ex-officio member 8 49 

H. 
High School : 

Course of studies in, 12 17 

Examinations for, 78 29 

Graduation from, 69 28 

Holidays : 

Schools closed upon, 5 10 



INDEX. 77 

J. 

Fanitors : 

BECTrON. PJLGK. 

Duties of, 82-93 30,31 

Salaries of, when payable, 23 10 

N. 
S'oRMAL School : 

When and how held, 9 16 

Teachers to attend, 10 16 

Other pupils, 11 17 

Committee on, powers and duties of, ... . .17 .9 

Course of studies in, .... 12 l8 

P » 

'kincipals : 

In charge of each building, 13 18 • 

Duties of, 13-18 18,19 

i'ROMOTlONS : 

Of Teachers, who preferred, 31 21 

Of Pupils 70 28 

'uriLS : 

Attend what Schools, 3 15 

Distinguished and Meritorious, 66 27 

Irregularities of attendance, 61-64 26,27 

Requirements of, 54-60 25,26 

^ Rewards and punishments,. 65-75 27,29 

R. 

Ikcesses : 

Time of,... 8 16 

^ECOUDS : 

Of Pupils' attendance, etc., 35 22 

Of Teachers' " 35 22 

Disposition of, 36,40 22,23 

Of the Board's proceedings, 41 37 

iENTS : 

When payable, 23 10 

Ieports : 

Annual, to the Mayor and Aiderincn,. ... 44 38 

" preparation of, 27 20 

Weekly or monthly to pupils' parents,. . G8 28 

Of Principals, 18 1',) 

To County and State Superintendent, . . oO OU 



78 INDEX. 

s. 

School Calendar : 

SECTION. PAGE. 

Terms and Vacations, 4,5 16 

School Regulations : 1-96 15-32 

How altered or amended, 26 11 

Schools : 

Districts, 2 15 

General management, 13-16 18 

Location, value, size, etc., 74 

Sessions, 5,6 16 

State Board op Education : 

How composed, 1 47 

General powers and duties, 2-4 42-48 

State Board of Examiners: 

Composition and duties of, ^ 48 59 

State Superintendent : 

Appointment of, 6 48 

To apportion State school moneys, 10 49 

Statistics : 

Appendix, 74 

Substitutes : 

Employment of, 41 23 

Superintendent, (City) : 

Appointment of, 2;9 5;42 

General duties of, 8,19-27 6^9,20 

Requirements under State school law,20,29, 30,36 61,53,55 

Teachers : 

Contracts with, 32 21 

How selected, 29 21 

Institutes, payments for, 73 67 

Keeping school registers, 35;41 22;57 

List of, 74 

Meetings, .7 24,53 20,25 

Qualifications, 28 20 

Salaries of, when payable, 23 10 

Various requirements of, 33-51 22-25 

Visiting other schools, 52 25 

V. 
Vice Principals : 

May be appointed, 13 18 

Visiting Agents : 

Prohibited from occupying teachers' } ^^ jg 

and pupils' time in school hours, ( 



EXTRACTS FROM THE MINUTES OF THE BOARD. 



At the annual meeting of the Board, held April 20, 1868, 
it was 

Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed by the 
President to revise the By-Laws of the Board and the School 
Kegulations, the committee to report as soon as practicable. 

Messrs. William Nelson, Charles Inglis and James M. 
Baldwin were appointed such committee. 

April 30th. The committee reported the revised By-Laws. 
It was ordered that the By-Laws be printed in octavo form, 
and that twenty copies of the committee's report be printed 
for the use of the members before acting thereon. 

May 8th. The revised By-Laws were taken up, section by 
section, and adopted. It wa-s ordered that one hundred and 
fifty copies be printed under the direction of the committee 
on revision. 

May 28th. The committee on the revision of the School 
Regulations rendered a report, which was accepted and thirty 
copies ordered printed for the use of members and teachers. 
The committee was authorized to compile the provisions of 
the city charter relating to the Board of Education, and the 
State School Law, and have them printed with the By-Laws 
and School Regulations. 

June 19th. The report on the revised School Regulations 
was taken up by sub-divisions and adopted. 

July 30th. The committee reported that its work was per- 
fected and the pamphlets containing the same printed and 
ready for use. The report was accepted and the committee 
discharged with the thanks of the Board. 



